檢查使用者帳戶是否設置了密碼

在獨立（未加入域）Windows 中，是否可以使用 PowerShell 檢查給定的本地使用者帳戶是否設置了密碼/密碼為空？

根據https://gallery.technet.microsoft.com/scriptcenter/How-to-check-if-a-local-870ab031和https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/heyscriptingguy/2005/10/06/ how-can-i-verify-that-none-of-my-local-user-accounts-have-a-blank-password/，這可以通過 VBScript 實現，但這只是因為ChangePassword需要您提供原始密碼，而 PowerShell 命令似乎沒有。

我在某處讀到，您可以通過使用其憑據以使用者身份執行程序並記下結果來驗證密碼，但顯然，您不能使用空字元串作為憑據。

我通過以下 PowerShell 命令/腳本實現了這一點：

Write-Output "It's only possible to detect whether user accounts have blank passwords if the minimum password length is 0.";

$PasswordMinimumLength = 0;
Write-Output "Implementing new minimum password length of $PasswordMinimumLength...";

$Secedit_CFGFile_Path = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempFileName();
$Secedit_Path = "$env:SystemRoot\system32\secedit.exe";
$Secedit_Arguments_Export = "/export /cfg $Secedit_CFGFile_Path /quiet";
$Secedit_Arguments_Import = "/configure /db $env:SystemRoot\Security\local.sdb /cfg $Secedit_CFGFile_Path /areas SecurityPolicy";

Start-Process -FilePath $Secedit_Path -ArgumentList $Secedit_Arguments_Export -Wait;

$SecurityPolicy_Old = Get-Content $Secedit_CFGFile_Path;

$SecurityPolicy_New = $SecurityPolicy_Old -Replace "MinimumPasswordLength = \d+", "MinimumPasswordLength = $PasswordMinimumLength";

Set-Content -Path $Secedit_CFGFile_Path -Value $SecurityPolicy_New;

Try {
   Start-Process -FilePath $Secedit_Path -ArgumentList $Secedit_Arguments_Import -Wait;
} Catch {
   Write-Output "...FAILED.";
   Break;
}
If ($?){
   Write-Output "...Success.";
}
Write-Output "";
Write-Output "----------------------------------------------------------------";
Write-Output "";

Write-Output "Searching for user accounts with blank passwords...";

$BlankPasswordsFoundWording_PreUsername = "Found user account";
$BlankPasswordsFoundWording_PostUsername = "with a blank password.";
$NoBlankPasswordsFoundWording = "No user accounts with blank passwords found.";

$VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_Commands = @"
On Error Resume Next

Dim strComputerName
Dim strPassword

strComputerName = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Network").ComputerName
strPassword = ""

Set LocalAccounts = GetObject("WinNT://" & strComputerName)
LocalAccounts.Filter = Array("user")

Dim Flag
Flag = 0 

For Each objUser In LocalAccounts
   objUser.ChangePassword strPassword, strPassword
   If Err = 0 or Err = -2147023569 Then
       Flag = 1
       Wscript.Echo "$BlankPasswordsFoundWording_PreUsername """ & objUser.Name & """ $BlankPasswordsFoundWording_PostUsername"
   End If
   Err.Clear
Next

If Flag = 0 Then
   WScript.Echo "$NoBlankPasswordsFoundWording"
End If
"@
# The above here-string terminator cannot be indented.;

# cscript won't accept / process a file with extension ".tmp" so ".vbs" needs to be appended.;
$VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Path_TMP = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempFileName();
$VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Directory = (Get-ChildItem $VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Path_TMP).DirectoryName;
$VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Name_TMP = (Get-ChildItem $VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Path_TMP).Name;
$VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Name_VBS = $VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Name_TMP + ".vbs";
$VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Path_VBS = "$VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Directory\$VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Name_VBS";

Set-Content -Path $VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Path_VBS -Value $VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_Commands;

$VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_Output = & cscript /nologo $VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_File_Path_VBS;
# Write-Output $VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_Output;

$UsersWithBlankPasswords = $VBS_IdentifyBlankPasswords_Output | Select-String -Pattern "$BlankPasswordsFoundWording_PreUsername";

If ($UsersWithBlankPasswords -NE $Null){
   ForEach ($UserWithBlankPassword in $UsersWithBlankPasswords){
       $Username = [regex]::match($UserWithBlankPassword, '"([^"]+)"').Groups[1].Value;

       Write-Output "...$BlankPasswordsFoundWording_PreUsername ""$Username"" $BlankPasswordsFoundWording_PostUsername";
   }
} ElseIf ($UsersWithBlankPasswords -Eq $Null){
   Write-Output "$NoBlankPasswordsFoundWording";
}

Write-Output "";
Write-Output "----------------------------------------------------------------";
Write-Output "";

Write-Output "Implementing original minimum password length...";

Set-Content -Path $Secedit_CFGFile_Path -Value $SecurityPolicy_Old;

Try {
   Start-Process -FilePath $Secedit_Path -ArgumentList $Secedit_Arguments_Import -Wait;
} Catch {
   Write-Output "...FAILED.";
   Break;
}
If ($?){
   Write-Output "...Success.";
}

引用自：https://serverfault.com/questions/930582