創建腳本以啟動/停止/重新啟動服務的好習慣？

我想知道創建一個好的腳本來啟動/停止/重新啟動某些服務的好習慣是什麼。我會盡量讓自己更清楚，好嗎？現在，我做了這樣的事情：假設我想為start/stop/restart服務創建一個腳本，所以我創建了一個文件夾/company/service name/，然後放了start.sh和stop.sh，它們是這樣的：

start.sh

#!/bin/bash
#VARIABLES
SERVICE_NAME="<service name>"
USERDEPLOYER="<service name>_deployer"
FOLDER=/company/<service name>/
KEYWORD="<keyword>"

#
#CHECKING SYSTEM STATUS
PROC=`ps -ef | grep $SERVICE_NAME | grep $KEYWORD | grep -v grep | awk -F" " '{ print $2 }'`;

if [ $PROC ]; then
 echo "$SERVICE_NAME is running!"
 echo "Stop then first!"
 exit
fi
###
#
#STARTING
if [[ `/usr/bin/whoami` == $USERDEPLOYER ]]
 then

   pushd .
   echo " "
   echo "Starting $SERVICE_NAME..."
   echo "cd $FOLDER"
   cd $FOLDER
   #COMMAND    
   <command to start the service> &

   sleep 20
   PROC=`ps -ef | grep $SERVICE_NAME | grep $KEYWORD | grep -v grep | awk -F" " '{ print $2 }'`;

   if [ -n "$PROC" ] && [ "$PROC" != "" ]
   then
     echo "OK: system started."
   else
     echo "ERROR: system process not found!"
   fi

   echo "script execution finished!"
   popd

else
 echo "User must be $USERDEPLOYER !"
fi

stop.sh

#!/bin/bash
#VARIABLES
SERVICE_NAME="<service name>"
USERDEPLOYER="<service name>_deployer"
KEYWORD="python"

if [[ `/usr/bin/whoami` == $USERDEPLOYER ]]
 then

   pushd .
   echo "Stopping $SERVICE_NAME......"

   #KILLING PROCESS
   processPID=`ps -ef | grep $SERVICE_NAME | grep $KEYWORD | grep -v grep | awk -F" " '{ print $2 }'`
   echo "Trying to kill process with key $SERVICE_NAME - ignore error messages below."
   kill $processPID
   sleep 10

   while [ -n "$processPID" ]
     do
   echo "Waiting process ($processPID) to shutdown...20s"
   sleep 20
       processPID=`ps -ef | grep $SERVICE_NAME | grep $KEYWORD | grep -v grep | awk -F" " '{ print $2 }'`
     done

   echo "Ensured process with key $SERVICE_NAME is no longer running."
   popd

else
 echo "User must be $USERDEPLOYER !"
fi

之後，我創建了一個使用者service name_deployer，然後授予此文件夾和這些腳本的所有權，start.sh並stop.sh授予權限read, write and execute。

/etc/init.d/然後在as中創建以下腳本service name-service：

#!/bin/bash
#
#   Linux chkconfig stuff:
#
#   chkconfig: 2345 56 10
#   2345 56  
#   2345 10  
#   description: <description>
# Source function library.
SERVICE_NAME="<service name>-service"
SERVICE_USER="<service name>_deployer"
FOLDER="/company/<service name>/"

start() {

if [[ `/usr/bin/whoami` == $SERVICE_USER ]]
then
 cd $FOLDER
 ./start.sh

#NOT USER _root
else 
 cd $FOLDER
 su $SERVICE_USER ./start.sh
fi
}

stop() {
 cd $FOLDER
 su $SERVICE_USER ./stop.sh
}

#Body main
case "$1" in
 start)
   start
   ;;
 stop)
   stop
   ;;
 restart)
   echo "Restarting $SERVICE_NAME..."
   echo " "
   stop
   sleep 10
   start
   ;;
 *)
   echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
   exit 1
esac
exit 0

鑑於所有權service name_deployer和許可read, write and execute.

然後將服務添加到服務列表中，如下所示：/sbin/chkconfig –add service name-service（suse 和其他）或 update-rc.dservice name-service預設值（ubuntu）

就這樣！你們認為這是一個好方法嗎？我只是問，因為我想為這種腳本和程序創建一個好的標準。對不起，如果你們認為這是一個蹩腳的問題，但對我來說，這種程序非常重要。

謝謝你們！

而是使用sudo來管理使用者訪問。/etc/init.d/按照通常的約定創建一個初始化腳本。（Ubuntu/Debian 的腳本應該start-stop-daemon用於啟動、重試停止和檢查程序狀態。）然後執行visudo並添加適當的條目以允許使用者管理此服務。例如：

User_Alias  SERVICE_USERS = bob, jane
Cmnd_Alias  SERVICE_CMNDS = service service-name

SERVICE_USERS ALL = SERVICE_CMNDS

然後指定的使用者可以執行sudo service service-name start等等。

引用自：https://serverfault.com/questions/476806