儘管有所有可用的資訊，但我對無密碼登錄感到困惑。幫助？

所以我有我的家用電腦和一台伺服器。我希望伺服器能夠在沒有密碼的情況下通過 SSH 連接到我的家用電腦。我遵循了各種教程，並且可以在沒有密碼的情況下從家裡ssh到伺服器。一切正常。當我嘗試反轉程序並從伺服器ssh到家庭時，我收到**權限被拒絕（公鑰）**錯誤。我可以使用密碼登錄兩台機器就好了。

詳細嘗試的相關位如下：

  debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,keyboard-interactive
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/identity
debug1: Offering public key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,keyboard-interactive
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,keyboard-interactive
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
Permission denied (publickey,keyboard-interactive).

我在家用 PC 上的 /etc/ssh/sshd_config 文件如下所示：

# Package generated configuration file
# See the sshd_config(5) manpage for details

# What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for
Port 22
# Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to
#ListenAddress ::
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
Protocol 2
# HostKeys for protocol version 2
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
#Privilege Separation is turned on for security
UsePrivilegeSeparation yes

# Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key
KeyRegenerationInterval 3600
ServerKeyBits 768

# Logging
SyslogFacility AUTH
LogLevel INFO

# Authentication:
LoginGraceTime 120
PermitRootLogin yes
StrictModes yes

RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
AuthorizedKeysFile  ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
IgnoreRhosts yes
# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts
RhostsRSAAuthentication no
# similar for protocol version 2
HostbasedAuthentication no
# Uncomment if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for RhostsRSAAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes

# To enable empty passwords, change to yes (NOT RECOMMENDED)
PermitEmptyPasswords yes

# Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with
# some PAM modules and threads)
ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes

# Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords
PasswordAuthentication no

# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosGetAFSToken no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes

# GSSAPI options
#GSSAPIAuthentication no
#GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes

X11Forwarding yes
X11DisplayOffset 10
PrintMotd no
PrintLastLog yes
TCPKeepAlive yes
#UseLogin no

#MaxStartups 10:30:60
#Banner /etc/issue.net

# Allow client to pass locale environment variables
AcceptEnv LANG LC_*

Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server

# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication.  Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
UsePAM no

家用 PC 執行 Ubuntu，伺服器是 CentOS。

您的 AuthorizedKeysFile 行應為AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys. 還要確保您的 .ssh 目錄700的權限是 ，並且您的 authorized_keys 文件的權限是600.

您是否在伺服器上創建了一個使用者密鑰，然後將該公鑰複製到您的 home box 上的 .ssh/authorized_keys 中？

更簡單的選擇是使用通常的“ssh-keygen …”命令創建您的密鑰，然後使用“ssh-copy-id”命令將公鑰移動到另一台機器上。

ssh-keygen (follow the prompts)
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub me@home_system

當然，將 id_rsa.pub 更改為您選擇的任何關鍵方法（ssh-keygen 的命令行選項）。

請記住，ssh 密鑰是一種方式……從這裡到那裡。因此，如果您想以另一種方式使用無密碼登錄，您也必須進行設置。

引用自：https://serverfault.com/questions/315389