Sudo
NRPE 問題無法讀取輸出 Check_Access_Log
在執行 xinetd 的 NRPE 中，我可以在本地執行腳本，但 NRPE 在嘗試遠端執行時報告無法讀取輸出。有什麼建議麼？：
[root@travel log]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx -t 30 -c check_access_log -a -l /var/log/httpd/vhosts/xxxxxx/access_log NRPE: Unable to read output如果我直接在客戶端上執行腳本：
./check_access_log.pl -l /var/log/httpd/vhosts/xxxxxxx/access_log ACCESS_STATUS OK - FAILURE_RATE 0 | Total=0;; FAIL=0%;10;20 BytesServed=0kB;; 20X=0;; 30X=0;; 403=0;; 404=0;; 40X=0;; 500=0;; 503=0;; 50X=0;; no_status=0;; Other=0;;如果我執行檢查 NRPE：
[root@travel log]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx -t 30 - NRPE v2.14現在我正在使用 Xinetd.d 執行我的 NRPE：
# default: on # description: NRPE (Nagios Remote Plugin Executor) service nrpe { flags = REUSE socket_type = stream port = 5666 wait = no user = nagios group = nagios server = /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe server_args = -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg --inetd log_on_failure += USERID disable = no only_from = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx }這是我的 nrpe.cfg 文件。
############################################################################# # Sample NRPE Config File # Written by: Ethan Galstad (nagios@nagios.org) # # Last Modified: 11-23-2007 # # NOTES: # This is a sample configuration file for the NRPE daemon. It needs to be # located on the remote host that is running the NRPE daemon, not the host # from which the check_nrpe client is being executed. ############################################################################# # LOG FACILITY # The syslog facility that should be used for logging purposes. log_facility=daemon # PID FILE # The name of the file in which the NRPE daemon should write it's process ID # number. The file is only written if the NRPE daemon is started by the root # user and is running in standalone mode. pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid # PORT NUMBER # Port number we should wait for connections on. # NOTE: This must be a non-priviledged port (i.e. > 1024). # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd server_port=5666 # SERVER ADDRESS # Address that nrpe should bind to in case there are more than one interface # and you do not want nrpe to bind on all interfaces. # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd #server_address=127.0.0.1 # NRPE USER # This determines the effective user that the NRPE daemon should run as. # You can either supply a username or a UID. # # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd nrpe_user=nagios # NRPE GROUP # This determines the effective group that the NRPE daemon should run as. # You can either supply a group name or a GID. # # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd nrpe_group=nagios # ALLOWED HOST ADDRESSES # This is an optional comma-delimited list of IP address or hostnames # that are allowed to talk to the NRPE daemon. # # Note: The daemon only does rudimentary checking of the client's IP # address. I would highly recommend adding entries in your /etc/hosts.allow # file to allow only the specified host to connect to the port # you are running this daemon on. # # NOTE: This option is ignored if NRPE is running under either inetd or xinetd allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1 # COMMAND ARGUMENT PROCESSING # This option determines whether or not the NRPE daemon will allow clients # to specify arguments to commands that are executed. This option only works # if the daemon was configured with the --enable-command-args configure script # option. # # *** ENABLING THIS OPTION IS A SECURITY RISK! *** # Read the SECURITY file for information on some of the security implications # of enabling this variable. # # Values: 0=do not allow arguments, 1=allow command arguments dont_blame_nrpe=1 # COMMAND PREFIX # This option allows you to prefix all commands with a user-defined string. # A space is automatically added between the specified prefix string and the # command line from the command definition. # # *** THIS EXAMPLE MAY POSE A POTENTIAL SECURITY RISK, SO USE WITH CAUTION! *** # Usage scenario: # Execute restricted commmands using sudo. For this to work, you need to add # the nagios user to your /etc/sudoers. An example entry for alllowing # execution of the plugins from might be: # # nagios ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/ # # This lets the nagios user run all commands in that directory (and only them) # without asking for a password. If you do this, make sure you don't give # random users write access to that directory or its contents! command_prefix=/usr/bin/sudo # DEBUGGING OPTION # This option determines whether or not debugging messages are logged to the # syslog facility. # Values: 0=debugging off, 1=debugging on debug=0 # COMMAND TIMEOUT # This specifies the maximum number of seconds that the NRPE daemon will # allow plugins to finish executing before killing them off. command_timeout=60 # CONNECTION TIMEOUT # This specifies the maximum number of seconds that the NRPE daemon will # wait for a connection to be established before exiting. This is sometimes # seen where a network problem stops the SSL being established even though # all network sessions are connected. This causes the nrpe daemons to # accumulate, eating system resources. Do not set this too low. connection_timeout=300 # WEEK RANDOM SEED OPTION # This directive allows you to use SSL even if your system does not have # a /dev/random or /dev/urandom (on purpose or because the necessary patches # were not applied). The random number generator will be seeded from a file # which is either a file pointed to by the environment valiable $RANDFILE # or $HOME/.rnd. If neither exists, the pseudo random number generator will # be initialized and a warning will be issued. # Values: 0=only seed from /dev/[u]random, 1=also seed from weak randomness #allow_weak_random_seed=1 # INCLUDE CONFIG FILE # This directive allows you to include definitions from an external config file. #include=<somefile.cfg> # INCLUDE CONFIG DIRECTORY # This directive allows you to include definitions from config files (with a # .cfg extension) in one or more directories (with recursion). #include_dir=<somedirectory> include_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe # COMMAND DEFINITIONS # Command definitions that this daemon will run. Definitions # are in the following format: # # command[<command_name>]=<command_line> # # When the daemon receives a request to return the results of <command_name> # it will execute the command specified by the <command_line> argument. # # Unlike Nagios, the command line cannot contain macros - it must be # typed exactly as it should be executed. # # Note: Any plugins that are used in the command lines must reside # on the machine that this daemon is running on! The examples below # assume that you have plugins installed in a /usr/local/nagios/libexec # directory. Also note that you will have to modify the definitions below # to match the argument format the plugins expect. Remember, these are # examples only! # The following examples use hardcoded command arguments... #command[check_access_log]=/usr/local/libexec/check_access_log.pl -l $ARG1$ -a #command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10 #command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20 #command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1 #command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z #command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200 # The following examples allow user-supplied arguments and can # only be used if the NRPE daemon was compiled with support for # command arguments *AND* the dont_blame_nrpe directive in this # config file is set to '1'. This poses a potential security risk, so # make sure you read the SECURITY file before doing this. command[check_access_log]=/usr/local/libexec/check_access_log.pl #command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ #command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ #command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ -p $ARG3$ #command[check_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ -s $ARG3$我的 sudoers 文件：
## Sudoers allows particular users to run various commands as ## the root user, without needing the root password. ## ## Examples are provided at the bottom of the file for collections ## of related commands, which can then be delegated out to particular ## users or groups. ## ## This file must be edited with the 'visudo' command. ## Host Aliases ## Groups of machines. You may prefer to use hostnames (perhaps using ## wildcards for entire domains) or IP addresses instead. # Host_Alias FILESERVERS = fs1, fs2 # Host_Alias MAILSERVERS = smtp, smtp2 ## User Aliases ## These aren't often necessary, as you can use regular groups ## (ie, from files, LDAP, NIS, etc) in this file - just use %groupname ## rather than USERALIAS # User_Alias ADMINS = jsmith, mikem ## Command Aliases ## These are groups of related commands... ## Networking # Cmnd_Alias NETWORKING = /sbin/route, /sbin/ifconfig, /bin/ping, /sbin/dhclient, /usr/bin/net, /sbin/iptables, /usr/bin/rfcomm, /usr/bin/wvdial, /sbin/iwconfig, /sbin/mii-tool ## Installation and management of software # Cmnd_Alias SOFTWARE = /bin/rpm, /usr/bin/up2date, /usr/bin/yum ## Services # Cmnd_Alias SERVICES = /sbin/service, /sbin/chkconfig ## Updating the locate database # Cmnd_Alias LOCATE = /usr/bin/updatedb ## Storage # Cmnd_Alias STORAGE = /sbin/fdisk, /sbin/sfdisk, /sbin/parted, /sbin/partprobe, /bin/mount, /bin/umount ## Delegating permissions # Cmnd_Alias DELEGATING = /usr/sbin/visudo, /bin/chown, /bin/chmod, /bin/chgrp ## Processes # Cmnd_Alias PROCESSES = /bin/nice, /bin/kill, /usr/bin/kill, /usr/bin/killall ## Drivers # Cmnd_Alias DRIVERS = /sbin/modprobe # Defaults specification # # Disable "ssh hostname sudo <cmd>", because it will show the password in clear. # You have to run "ssh -t hostname sudo <cmd>". # # Defaults requiretty # # Refuse to run if unable to disable echo on the tty. This setting should also be # changed in order to be able to use sudo without a tty. See requiretty above. # Defaults !visiblepw # # Preserving HOME has security implications since many programs # use it when searching for configuration files. Note that HOME # is already set when the the env_reset option is enabled, so # this option is only effective for configurations where either # env_reset is disabled or HOME is present in the env_keep list. # Defaults always_set_home Defaults env_reset Defaults env_keep = "COLORS DISPLAY HOSTNAME HISTSIZE INPUTRC KDEDIR LS_COLORS" Defaults env_keep += "MAIL PS1 PS2 QTDIR USERNAME LANG LC_ADDRESS LC_CTYPE" Defaults env_keep += "LC_COLLATE LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_MEASUREMENT LC_MESSAGES" Defaults env_keep += "LC_MONETARY LC_NAME LC_NUMERIC LC_PAPER LC_TELEPHONE" Defaults env_keep += "LC_TIME LC_ALL LANGUAGE LINGUAS _XKB_CHARSET XAUTHORITY" # # Adding HOME to env_keep may enable a user to run unrestricted # commands via sudo. # # Defaults env_keep += "HOME" Defaults secure_path = /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin ## Next comes the main part: which users can run what software on ## which machines (the sudoers file can be shared between multiple ## systems). ## Syntax: ## ## user MACHINE=COMMANDS ## ## The COMMANDS section may have other options added to it. ## ## Allow root to run any commands anywhere root ALL=(ALL) ALL ## Allows members of the 'sys' group to run networking, software, ## service management apps and more. # %sys ALL = NETWORKING, SOFTWARE, SERVICES, STORAGE, DELEGATING, PROCESSES, LOCATE, DRIVERS ## Allows people in group wheel to run all commands # %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL ## Same thing without a password # %wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL user1 ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL user2 ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL user3 ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL nagios ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL ## Allows members of the users group to mount and unmount the ## cdrom as root # %users ALL=/sbin/mount /mnt/cdrom, /sbin/umount /mnt/cdrom ## Allows members of the users group to shutdown this system # %users localhost=/sbin/shutdown -h now ## Read drop-in files from /etc/sudoers.d (the # here does not mean a comment) #includedir /etc/sudoers.d # NEEDED TO ALLOW NAGIOS TO CHECK SERVICE STATUS Defaults:nagios !requiretty nagios ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_init_service # ASTERISK-SPECIFIC CHECKS # NOTE: You can uncomment the following line if you are monitoring Asterisk locally #nagios ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh, /usr/local/nagios/libexec/nagisk.pl, /usr/sbin/asterisk # NEEDED TO ALLOW NAGIOS TO CHECK SERVICE STATUS Defaults:nagios !requiretty nagios ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_init_service # ASTERISK-SPECIFIC CHECKS # NOTE: You can uncomment the following line if you are monitoring Asterisk locally #nagios ALL=NOPASSWD: /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh, /usr/local/nagios/libexec/nagisk.pl, /usr/sbin/asterisk
感謝你的幫助。魔鬼在細節中：
command[check_access_log]=/usr/local/libexec/check_access_log.pl需要：
command[check_access_log]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_access_log.pl
您需要以與執行 NRPE 的使用者相同的使用者身份測試執行它（“nagios”，根據您的 xinetd conf）。
如果您必須以 root 身份執行這個外掛，那麼您需要設置 sudo 以便 nagios 可以在沒有密碼的情況下執行該外掛，就像您對其他外掛所做的那樣。（如果適用，請務必允許它在沒有“requiretty”的情況下執行。）
（另外，我不確定為什麼你在 sudoers 中有單獨的 nagios 命令，而且還有一個用於 nagios 的包羅萬象的 ALL/NOPASSWD 條目。這似乎很危險。）
在您確認 nagios 可以通過 sudo 執行該外掛而無需密碼後，您需要將 sudo 添加到您的命令中
$$ check_access_log $$線。