如何使用 Samba SMB 3.1.1 正確設置 Unix 權限同步

我目前有一個 NAS 用於我們的家庭（稱為 Waitress），它使用 SMB 3.1.1 執行帶有 Samba 的 Debian 11。它連接到 1TB USB-SS 硬碟。我還有一台 Ubuntu 機器，它是我自己的筆記型電腦（稱為 Rox）。目標是使用 Waitress 將所有文件儲存在我的主目錄中。我通過在 Waitress 上創建一個 Samba 共享來實現這一點，其中的文件儲存在外部 HDD 上（使用 ext4 格式化）。然後在 Rox 上，我將共享安裝在/home/<my username>. 我在 Waitress 上有一個帳戶，其使用者名和密碼與我在 Rox 上的帳戶相同。

Samba 的 Unix 密碼同步功能執行良好，我可以通過 SMB 上的 Waitress 登錄帳戶輕鬆訪問文件。問題在於 Unix 權限同步功能。我不明白為什麼我的 Samba 配置和 fstab 配置沒有正確進行權限同步，我請求這方面的幫助。

我/etc/samba/smb.conf的女服務員：

[global]

## Browsing/Identification ###

# Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of
  workgroup = mclean.net

#### Networking ####

# The specific set of interfaces / networks to bind to
# This can be either the interface name or an IP address/netmask;
# interface names are normally preferred
;   interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8 eth0

# Only bind to the named interfaces and/or networks; you must use the
# 'interfaces' option above to use this.
# It is recommended that you enable this feature if your Samba machine is
# not protected by a firewall or is a firewall itself.  However, this
# option cannot handle dynamic or non-broadcast interfaces correctly.
;   bind interfaces only = yes



#### Debugging/Accounting ####

# This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
  log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m

# Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).
  max log size = 1000

# We want Samba to only log to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd}.
# Append syslog@1 if you want important messages to be sent to syslog too.
  logging = file

# Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
  panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d


####### Authentication #######

# Server role. Defines in which mode Samba will operate. Possible
# values are "standalone server", "member server", "classic primary
# domain controller", "classic backup domain controller", "active
# directory domain controller". 
#
# Most people will want "standalone server" or "member server".
# Running as "active directory domain controller" will require first
# running "samba-tool domain provision" to wipe databases and create a
# new domain.
  server role = standalone server

  obey pam restrictions = yes

# This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix
# password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the
# passdb is changed.
  unix password sync = yes

# For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the following
# parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan <<kahan@informatik.tu-muenchen.de> for
# sending the correct chat script for the passwd program in Debian Sarge).
  passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
  passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .

# This boolean controls whether PAM will be used for password changes
# when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in
# 'passwd program'. The default is 'no'.
  pam password change = yes

# This option controls how unsuccessful authentication attempts are mapped
# to anonymous connections
  map to guest = bad user

########## Domains ###########

#
# The following settings only takes effect if 'server role = classic
# primary domain controller', 'server role = classic backup domain controller'
# or 'domain logons' is set 
#

# It specifies the location of the user's
# profile directory from the client point of view) The following
# required a [profiles] share to be setup on the samba server (see
# below)
;   logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U
# Another common choice is storing the profile in the user's home directory
# (this is Samba's default)
#   logon path = \\%N\%U\profile

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the location of a user's home directory (from the client
# point of view)
;   logon drive = H:
#   logon home = \\%N\%U

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the script to run during logon. The script must be stored
# in the [netlogon] share
# NOTE: Must be store in 'DOS' file format convention
;   logon script = logon.cmd

# This allows Unix users to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.  The example command creates a user account with a disabled Unix
# password; please adapt to your needs
; add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser --quiet --disabled-password --gecos "" %u

# This allows machine accounts to be created on the domain controller via the 
# SAMR RPC pipe.  
# The following assumes a "machines" group exists on the system
; add machine script  = /usr/sbin/useradd -g machines -c "%u machine account" -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u

# This allows Unix groups to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.  
; add group script = /usr/sbin/addgroup --force-badname %g

############ Misc ############

# Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
;   include = /home/samba/etc/smb.conf.%m

# Some defaults for winbind (make sure you're not using the ranges
# for something else.)
;   idmap config * :              backend = tdb
;   idmap config * :              range   = 3000-7999
;   idmap config YOURDOMAINHERE : backend = tdb
;   idmap config YOURDOMAINHERE : range   = 100000-999999
;   template shell = /bin/bash

# Setup usershare options to enable non-root users to share folders
# with the net usershare command.

# Maximum number of usershare. 0 means that usershare is disabled.
#   usershare max shares = 100

# Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create
# public shares, not just authenticated ones
  usershare allow guests = yes

#======================= Share Definitions =======================

[BackupServer]
  unix extensions = yes
  comment = Backup Server
  path = /home/<my username>/harddrive/homefolder
  browseable = yes
  read only = no
  writable = yes

我/etc/fstab在 Rox 上的配置：

//<waitress hostname>/BackupServer /home/<my username> smb3 user=<my username>,unix,vers=3.1.1 0 0

Waitress 上的主目錄中的所有文件都歸我的使用者所有，並且對我的使用者和我的組具有讀寫權限。這應該讓他們可以從 Rox 訪問。但是，在 Rox 上，權限將擁有使用者和組顯示為 root，以及 rwxr-xr-x 權限。符號連結也不起作用。我希望符號連結能夠工作，文件歸我自己所有，並且權限為 rwxrwxr-x。

我決定不使用 Samba 連接我的 Linux 電腦，因為它似乎不適用於像我這樣的情況。我將繼續在 Windows 和 MacOS 上使用 Samba，但我將在 Linux 上使用 NFS。

引用自：https://serverfault.com/questions/1085269