如何增加 XFS 文件系統的大小？

我剛剛創建了一個執行的 Amazon AWS EC2 實例RHEL7：

[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.0 (Maipo)
[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# 

即使我選擇10GB了我的儲存容量，無論出於何種原因，我只看到6GB它可供我立即使用：

[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# mount | grep xfs | grep -v selinux
/dev/xvda1 on / type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,noquota)
[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# df -h | grep xvda
/dev/xvda1      6.0G  2.2G  3.9G  37% /
[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/xvda

Disk /dev/xvda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0000b85c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *        2048    12584959     6291456   83  Linux
[root@ip-10-184-161-46 ~]# 

這就是我所做的：

[root@ip-10-164-175-246 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/xvda

Disk /dev/xvda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0000b85c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *        2048    12584959     6291456   83  Linux
/dev/xvda2        12584960    20971519     4193280   83  Linux
[root@ip-10-164-175-246 ~]# xfs_growfs /
meta-data=/dev/xvda1             isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=393216 blks
        =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
        =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1572864, imaxpct=25
        =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
        =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@ip-10-164-175-246 ~]# df -h | grep xvda
/dev/xvda1      6.0G  2.3G  3.8G  38% /
[root@ip-10-164-175-246 ~]# 

我的另一個4GB呢？我認為執行xfs_growfs /會增加我的xfs分區的大小。

我究竟做錯了什麼？

有趣的是，前幾天我在 EC2 上發現我的 RHEL 實例僅分配了 10GB 空間中的 6GB 左右後，我就這樣做了……

[root@ip-172-31-20-177 ~]# xfs_info /
meta-data=/dev/xvda1             isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=393216 blks
        =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
        =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1572864, imaxpct=25
        =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
        =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

這裡的問題是您創建了第二個分區。

相反，您應該調整第一個分區的大小。

因此，您將使用刪除第二個分區，然後同時fdisk刪除並重新創建第一個分區。預設值將導致它填滿磁碟（並正確對齊）。fdisk

啟動fdisk和刪除分區：

[root@ip-172-31-20-177 ~]# fdisk /dev/xvda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/xvda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0000b85c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *        2048    12584959     6291456   83  Linux

Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 is deleted

現在使用所有預設值重新創建分區，這將最大化其大小：

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
  p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
  e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): 
Using default value 20971519
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/xvda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0000b85c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1            2048    20971519    10484736   83  Linux

保存新的分區表：

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.

重新啟動時，文件系統應自動為您調整大小cloud-init。如果沒有，您可以使用xfs_growfs /手動擴展文件系統。

[root@ip-172-31-20-177 ~]# xfs_info /
meta-data=/dev/xvda1             isize=256    agcount=7, agsize=393216 blks
        =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
        =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2621184, imaxpct=25
        =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
        =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@ip-172-31-20-177 ~]# df
Filesystem     1K-blocks   Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1      10474496 818560   9655936   8% /

引用自：https://serverfault.com/questions/610973