如何在powershell中等待虛擬機的啟動/停止

我有這個 powershell 腳本，我正在呼叫它來備份我們客戶的虛擬機：

# Author: Vladimir Eremin
# Created Date: 3/24/2015
# http://forums.veeam.com/member31097.html
# 

##################################################################
#                   User Defined Variables
##################################################################

# Names of VMs to backup separated by comma (Mandatory). For instance, $VMNames = “VM1”,”VM2”
$VMNames = "ZIMBRA"

# Name of vCenter or standalone host VMs to backup reside on (Mandatory)
$HostName = "TGDALLAS"

# Directory that VM backups should go to (Mandatory; for instance, C:\Backup)
$Directory = "H:\backups"

# Desired compression level (Optional; Possible values: 0 - None, 4 - Dedupe-friendly, 5 - Optimal, 6 - High, 9 - Extreme) 
$CompressionLevel = "5"

# Quiesce VM when taking snapshot (Optional; VMware Tools are required; Possible values: $True/$False)
$EnableQuiescence = $True

# Protect resulting backup with encryption key (Optional; $True/$False)
$EnableEncryption = $False

# Encryption Key (Optional; path to a secure string)
$EncryptionKey = ""

# Retention settings (Optional; By default, VeeamZIP files are not removed and kept in the specified location for an indefinite period of time. 
# Possible values: Never , Tonight, TomorrowNight, In3days, In1Week, In2Weeks, In1Month)
$Retention = "In3Days"

##################################################################
#                   Notification Settings
##################################################################

# Enable notification (Optional)
$EnableNotification = $True

# Email SMTP server
$SMTPServer = "localhost"

# Email FROM
$EmailFrom = "someone@gmail.com" 

# Email TO
$EmailTo = "some@one.com"

# Email subject
$EmailSubject = "TGDALLAS Backup Status"

##################################################################
#                   Email formatting 
##################################################################

$style = "<style>BODY{font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;}"
$style = $style + "TABLE{border: 1px solid black; border-collapse: collapse;}"
$style = $style + "TH{border: 1px solid black; background: #dddddd; padding: 5px; }"
$style = $style + "TD{border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; }"
$style = $style + "</style>"

##################################################################
#                   End User Defined Variables
##################################################################

#################### DO NOT MODIFY PAST THIS LINE ################
Asnp VeeamPSSnapin

$Server = Get-VBRServer -name $HostName
$MesssagyBody = @()

foreach ($VMName in $VMNames)
{

 Stop-VM -Name $VMNames

 $VM = Find-VBRHvEntity -Name $VMName -Server $Server

 If ($EnableEncryption)
 {
   $EncryptionKey = Add-VBREncryptionKey -Password (cat $EncryptionKey | ConvertTo-SecureString)
   $ZIPSession = Start-VBRZip -Entity $VM -Folder $Directory -Compression $CompressionLevel -DisableQuiesce:(!$EnableQuiescence) -AutoDelete $Retention -EncryptionKey $EncryptionKey
 }

 Else 
 {
   $ZIPSession = Start-VBRZip -Entity $VM -Folder $Directory -Compression $CompressionLevel -DisableQuiesce:(!$EnableQuiescence) -AutoDelete $Retention
 }

 If ($EnableNotification) 
 {
   $TaskSessions = $ZIPSession.GetTaskSessions().logger.getlog().updatedrecords
   $FailedSessions =  $TaskSessions | where {$_.status -eq "EWarning" -or $_.Status -eq "EFailed"}

 if ($FailedSessions -ne $Null)
 {
   $MesssagyBody = $MesssagyBody + ($ZIPSession | Select-Object @{n="Name";e={($_.name).Substring(0, $_.name.LastIndexOf("("))}} ,@{n="Start Time";e={$_.CreationTime}},@{n="End Time";e={$_.EndTime}},Result,@{n="Details";e={$FailedSessions.Title}})
 }

 Else
 {
   $MesssagyBody = $MesssagyBody + ($ZIPSession | Select-Object @{n="Name";e={($_.name).Substring(0, $_.name.LastIndexOf("("))}} ,@{n="Start Time";e={$_.CreationTime}},@{n="End Time";e={$_.EndTime}},Result,@{n="Details";e={($TaskSessions | sort creationtime -Descending | select -first 1).Title}})
 }

 }   

 Start-VM -Name $VMNames

}
If ($EnableNotification)
{
$Message = New-Object System.Net.Mail.MailMessage $EmailFrom, $EmailTo
$Message.Subject = $EmailSubject
$Message.IsBodyHTML = $True
$message.Body = $MesssagyBody | ConvertTo-Html -head $style | Out-String
$SMTP = New-Object Net.Mail.SmtpClient($SMTPServer)
$SMTP.Send($Message)
}

問題在於 start-vm 和 stop-vm。在繼續下一行之前，腳本不會等到 vm 停止或啟動。

我怎樣才能做到這一點，這樣我的腳本就不會中斷了？

謝謝！

長頸

我將程式碼更改為：

 Stop-VM -Name $VMNames
 while ((get-vm -name $vmnames).state -ne 'Running') 
 { 
   $a = Get-Date
   Write-Output "Waiting 5 seconds for $VMName to stop: $a"

   $state = (get-vm -name $vmnames).state
   Write-Output "State: $state"
   start-sleep -s 5 
 }

我得到了這個：

PS H:\> H:\VeeamBackupZimbra.ps1
Waiting 5 seconds for ZIMBRA to stop: 07/21/2016 14:39:03
State: Off
Waiting 5 seconds for ZIMBRA to stop: 07/21/2016 14:39:08
State: Off
Waiting 5 seconds for ZIMBRA to stop: 07/21/2016 14:39:13
State: Off
Waiting 5 seconds for ZIMBRA to stop: 07/21/2016 14:39:18
State: Off
Waiting 5 seconds for ZIMBRA to stop: 07/21/2016 14:39:23
State: Off

一個無限循環。

有什麼建議麼？

這將等到 VM 執行：

while ((get-vm -name $vmnames).state -ne 'Running') { start-sleep -s 5 }

這將等到VM關閉：

while ((get-vm -name $vmnames).state -ne 'Off') { start-sleep -s 5 }

引用自：https://serverfault.com/questions/791230