後綴標頭指出錯誤的 IP

我在 Debian 8.0 上使用 Postfix 2.11.3

我將 Postfix 配置為執行多個實例 (3)，每個實例用於連接到我們伺服器的每個公共 IP，以便根據服務平衡傳出流量。

我為所有子域配置了 DKIM 和 SPF（每個 IP 1 個子域），但有時我從 GMail 和其他提供商那裡收到 SPF 和 DKIM 失敗，並且查看標頭看起來接收郵件伺服器無法解析我的 IP。

例如，請檢查以下標題

Delivered-To: XX@XXXX.com
Received: by 10.28.221.87 with SMTP id u84csp184407wmg;
       Fri, 5 Jun 2015 19:26:17 -0700 (PDT)
X-Received: by 10.52.116.162 with SMTP id jx2mr11374004vdb.80.1433557576885;
       Fri, 05 Jun 2015 19:26:16 -0700 (PDT)
Return-Path: <chris@hello3.much.cheap>
Received: from hello3.much.cheap ([2607:5300:60:6516::])
       by mx.google.com with ESMTP id f2si9741219vdb.2.2015.06.05.19.26.14
       for <XX@XXXX.com>;
       Fri, 05 Jun 2015 19:26:15 -0700 (PDT)
Received-SPF: permerror (google.com: domain of chris@hello3.much.cheap uses a mechanism not recognized by this client. unknown  mechanisms: )) client-ip=2607:5300:60:6516::;
Authentication-Results: mx.google.com;
      spf=permerror (google.com: domain of chris@hello3.much.cheap uses a mechanism not recognized by this client. unknown  mechanisms: )) smtp.mail=chris@hello3.much.cheap;
      dkim=pass header.i=@much.cheap;
      dmarc=pass (p=NONE dis=NONE) header.from=hello3.much.cheap
Message-Id: <55725a47.220a340a.cc4f.ffffada7SMTPIN_ADDED_MISSING@mx.google.com>
Received: from hello3.much.cheap (hello3.much.cheap [167.114.180.233])
   by hello3.much.cheap (Postfix) with ESMTP id 27F7940083
   for <XX@XXXX.com>; Fri,  5 Jun 2015 22:26:10 -0400 (EDT)
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=much.cheap; s=hello;
   t=1433557570; bh=z/R8LvudDLyZmOBbw+42+SG7pLmnI+4/+E4YxHqibK4=;
   h=Date:To:From:Subject:From;
   b=tJdvbP1c+me6BwXx4Qayzwvw7GR+OFd/xG+OwCqXz/YNPVhTIS56HxGxRkEvnztTr
    ClouAavusckmwXfQ5GmwjWvzVlcIZc7eT9rkBrAL8Th+2YPXNiw4k36ZDRik9lfICp
    qpvcGIhruOCE4BBQFE31j2qEDTl6qVh2D0jSAbD8=
Received: from [167.114.180.233] by hello3.much.cheap with HTTP; Fri, 05 Jun 2015 22:26:09 -0400
Date: Fri, 5 Jun 2015 22:26:10 -0400
To: XX@XXXX.com
From: Chris <chris@hello3.much.cheap>
Subject: Wonderful trip with family!
Bounces-To: chris@hello3.much.cheap

如您所見，由於解析錯誤 ip: 2607:5300:60:6516:: 導致 SPF 和 DKIM 都失敗了，最奇怪的是，在 SPF 和 DKIM 記錄之後，Google實際上可以看到我的真實 IP（收到：來自

$$ 167.114.180.233 $$通過 hello3.much.cheap) 錯誤不是恆定的，有時即使在第一個標頭中它也會獲得正確的 IP (167.114.180.233) 並且所有檢查都通過。

請注意我不在防火牆/代理後面，並且相關的後綴實例綁定到正確的 IP 地址

master.cf

67.114.180.233:2533     inet  n       -       n       -       -       smtpd

main.cf

myorigin = hello3.much.cheap
myhostname = hello3.much.cheap
mydomain = hello3.much.cheap
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix-3
data_directory = /var/lib/postfix-3
multi_instance_group = outgoing
multi_instance_name = postfix-3
inet_interfaces = all
smtp_bind_address = 167.114.180.233
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 167.114.64.22 167.114.180.232/29

smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject
smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject
smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject


milter_protocol = 2
milter_default_action = accept
smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:12301
non_smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:12301
multi_instance_enable = yes

smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix-3/generic

sender_canonical_classes = envelope_sender, header_sender
sender_canonical_maps =  regexp:/etc/postfix-3/sender_canonical_maps
smtp_header_checks = regexp:/etc/postfix-3/header_check
mime_header_checks = regexp:/etc/postfix-3/header_check
header_checks = regexp:/etc/postfix-3/header_check
strict_mailbox_ownership = no

任何的想法？

這個標題

Received: from hello3.much.cheap ([2607:5300:60:6516::])
       by mx.google.com with ESMTP id f2si9741219vdb.2.2015.06.05.19.26.14
       for <XX@XXXX.com>;
       Fri, 05 Jun 2015 19:26:15 -0700 (PDT)

表示後綴通過 IPv6 向 mx.google.com 發送電子郵件。在其他情況下，postfix 將通過 IPv4 發送電子郵件。

SPF 檢查器 mx.google.com 將使用您的 IPv6 地址與您的 SPF 記錄進行比較

v=spf1 mx a ptr include:much.cheap ~all

如您所見，SPF 記錄中未列出 IPv6 記錄，因此Google警告您有關 SPF 檢查失敗。伺服器 mx.google.com 在解析您的 IP 地址時不會出錯。使用 IPv6 發送它的是您的伺服器。

修復應該是將 IPv6 記錄添加到您的 SPF。

---

我仍然不知道為什麼後綴通過 IPv6 發送電子郵件，因為您有參數

smtp_bind_address = 167.114.180.233

不過，以詳細級別跟踪郵件日誌可能會揭示問題。

引用自：https://serverfault.com/questions/697031