Postfix
無法通過 Postfix/Dovecot 的電子郵件客戶端發送電子郵件
在我的帶有 Postfix、Dovecot 和 Postgresql 的伺服器上，我可以錯誤地接收電子郵件，但不能發送它們。通過雷鳥。
嘗試發送時，我在 Postfix 的日誌中看到了這一點：
postfix/qmgr[14391]: B63131F952: from=<>, size=2376, nrcpt=1 (queue active) postfix/smtp[15967]: connect to fdsafds.com[11.22.33.44]:25: Connection timed out postfix/smtp[15967]: B63131F952: to=<fdsafds@fdsafds.com>, relay=none, delay=412770, delays=412739/0.03/30/0, dsn=4.4.1, status=deferred (connect to fdsafds.com[11.22.33.44]:25: Connection timed out) postfix/submission/smtpd[15973]: connect from unknown[33.44.55.66] postfix/submission/smtpd[15973]: warning: connect #1 to subsystem public/submission-header-cleanup: No such file or directory postfix/submission/smtpd[15973]: warning: connect #2 to subsystem public/submission-header-cleanup: No such file or directory postfix/submission/smtpd[15973]: warning: connect #10 to subsystem public/submission-header-cleanup: No such file or directory postfix/submission/smtpd[15973]: fatal: connect #11 to subsystem public/submission-header-cleanup: No such file or directory postfix/master[14389]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/bin/smtpd pid 15973 exit status 1 postfix/master[14389]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/bin/smtpd: bad command startup -- throttling postfix/anvil[15975]: statistics: max connection rate 1/60s for (submission:33.44.55.66) at Jun 1 03:34:19 postfix/anvil[15975]: statistics: max connection count 1 for (submission:33.44.55.66) at Jun 1 03:34:19 postfix/anvil[15975]: statistics: max cache size 1 at Jun 1 03:34:19可能是什麼原因？
$ sudo postconf -M smtp inet n - n - - smtpd pickup unix n - n 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - n - 0 cleanup qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr tlsmgr unix - - n 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - n - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - n - 0 bounce defer unix - - n - 0 bounce trace unix - - n - 0 bounce verify unix - - n - 1 verify flush unix n - n 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - n - - smtp relay unix - - n - - smtp -o syslog_name=postfix/$service_name showq unix n - n - - showq error unix - - n - - error retry unix - - n - - error discard unix - - n - - discard local unix - n n - - local virtual unix - n n - - virtual lmtp unix - - n - - lmtp anvil unix - - n - 1 anvil scache unix - - n - 1 scache smtp inet n - n - - smtpd -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=no submission inet n - y - - smtpd -o syslog_name=postfix/submission -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes -o smtpd_sasl_type=dovecot -o smtpd_sasl_path=private/auth -o smtpd_sasl_security_options=noanonymous -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING -o smtpd_helo_required=no -o smtpd_helo_restrictions= -o cleanup_service_name=submission-header-cleanup和
$ sudo postconf -n alias_database = alias_maps = allow_percent_hack = no biff = no command_directory = /usr/bin compatibility_level = 2 daemon_directory = /usr/lib/postfix/bin data_directory = /var/lib/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5 disable_vrfy_command = yes home_mailbox = Maildir/ html_directory = no inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = ipv4 mail_owner = postfix mail_spool_directory = /var/mail/local mailbox_size_limit = 0 mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq manpage_directory = /usr/share/man message_size_limit = 51200000 meta_directory = /etc/postfix mydestination = $mydomain, localhost.$mydomain, localhost mydomain = my_domain123.com myhostname = mail.my_domain123.com mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 myorigin = $mydomain newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix recipient_delimiter = + sample_directory = /etc/postfix sendmail_path = /usr/bin/sendmail setgid_group = postdrop shlib_directory = /usr/lib/postfix show_user_unknown_table_name = no smtp_dns_support_level = dnssec smtp_tls_security_level = dane smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_tlscache smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unknown_reverse_client_hostname, reject_unauth_pipelining smtpd_data_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_multi_recipient_bounce, reject_unauth_pipelining smtpd_helo_required = yes smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_invalid_helo_hostname, reject_unauth_pipelining smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous, noplaintext smtpd_sasl_tls_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.my_domain123.com/fullchain.pem smtpd_tls_dh1024_param_file = /etc/ssl/dh2048.pem smtpd_tls_dh512_param_file = /etc/ssl/dh512.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/letsencrypt/live/mail.my_domain123.com/privkey.pem smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers = high smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, !SSLv3, !TLSv1, !TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2 smtpd_tls_received_header = yes smtpd_tls_security_level = may smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_tlscache strict_rfc821_envelopes = yes swap_bangpath = no tls_high_cipherlist = ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256 tls_ssl_options = no_ticket, no_compression unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 virtual_alias_domains = virtual_mailbox_domains = pgsql:/etc/postfix/virtual_mailbox_domains.cf virtual_mailbox_maps = pgsql:/etc/postfix/virtual_mailbox_maps.cf virtual_transport = lmtp:unix:private/dovecot-lmtp請注意，為了接收電子郵件，我必須在 Thunderbird 的設置中使用 SSL/TLS，而在使用 SSL/TLS 時發送它不會連接。當我嘗試發送電子郵件並使用 STARTTLS 時，它至少會連接。
您正在使用 呼叫您的送出服務
cleanup_service_name=submission-header-cleanup。但是，您沒有submission-header-cleanup配置任何名為的服務。
-o cleanup_service_name=submission-header-cleanup從您的中刪除master.cf（預設cleanup_service是cleanup並且如果您刪除此覆蓋將生效）或配置submission-header-cleanup服務。