Partition
Centos 5 上的 4 TB 外部磁碟
我有一台執行 CentOS 5（核心 2.6.18-92.el5）的舊伺服器。它正在執行一個遺留應用程序，所以我還不能退役它。我已將 2 TB USB 磁碟連接到它以進行備份，並且該磁碟現在幾乎已滿。
我買了一個新的 4 TB 磁碟，但作業系統只檢測到它為 2 TB。我知道 fdisk 不支持 2TB 以上的分區，但我也沒有使用 parted 的運氣。
有什麼解決方法可以讓作業系統讀取 4 TB 的全部空間？
來自 dmesg：
usb-storage: device found at 15 usb-storage: waiting for device to settle before scanning Vendor: Seagate Model: Backup+ Desk Rev: 040B Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 06 sdc: Spinning up disk....ready sdc : very big device. try to use READ CAPACITY(16). sdc : READ CAPACITY(16) failed. sdc : status=0, message=00, host=5, driver=00 sdc : use 0xffffffff as device size SCSI device sdc: 4294967296 512-byte hdwr sectors (2199023 MB)分開 /dev/sdc 列印
Model: Seagate Backup+ Desk (scsi) Disk /dev/sdc: 2199GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 17.4kB 2100GB 2100GB primary Information: Don't forget to update /etc/fstab, if necessary.
看起來我至少需要 2.6.32 核心來支持更大的磁碟。我的伺服器目前有 2.6.18-92.el5：https ://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/150699/harddisk-not-recognized-filesystem-too-large-to-mount-safely-on-this-system
具有舊版 BIOS 和 MBR 分區表方案的較舊 Linux 核心版本（所有 2.4 和 pre-2.6.32）計算環境在 2.19 TB 時遇到障礙，因為它們最多只能處理 232 個邏輯塊。請務必使用包含對大於 2.19TB 驅動器的支持的核心。2010 年 4 月之後發布的核心支持使用 4096 扇區大小的大容量驅動器。
確保使用
ext3文件系統或支持 2TB 以上的文件系統。使用以下命令創建大於 2TB 的分區 (GPT) 的說明
parted：https://sakafi.wordpress.com/2008/08/23/how-to-use-parted-for-creating-patition-larger-that-2-tb/
網站的副本以防它消失：
To create partitions larger than 2TB we need to use GPT labels. Standard fdisk doesn’t understand GPT labels so we need to use parted. Here we are going to partition the disk /dev/sdb root@localhost ~> parted /dev/sdb This will bring up parted. Type help to view the commands in parted prompt. (parted) help check NUMBER do a simple check on the file system cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER copy file system to another partition help [COMMAND] prints general help, or help on COMMAND mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel (partition table) mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE make a FS-TYPE file system on partititon NUMBER mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END make a partition mkpartfs PART-TYPE FS-TYPE START END make a partition with a file system move NUMBER START END move partition NUMBER name NUMBER NAME name partition NUMBER as NAME print [free|NUMBER|all] display the partition table, a partition, or all devices quit exit program rescue START END rescue a lost partition near START and END resize NUMBER START END resize partition NUMBER and its file system rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER select DEVICE choose the device to edit set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT version displays the current version of GNU Parted and copyright information root@localhost ~> parted /dev/sdb GNU Parted 1.8.1 Using /dev/sdb Welcome to GNU Parted! Type ‘help’ to view a list of commands. (parted) To change the label to gpt we run the following command: (parted) mklabel gpt Next run the print command: This will list the disk geometry. Please note the size listed: (parted) print Model: Adaptec raid5-1 (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 10.7TB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags This will tell us where to start and end the partitions. To create one huge partition ( 8 Tb = 8388608 bytes) run the following commands: (parted) mkpart primary 0 8388607.000 The command reads as make a primary partition, start at 0 and end at 8388607.000 Also, if you are making a partition for a device smaller than the limit from the notes below, you can use the following if the geometry doesn’t show like it does above. Just exit out of parted, and run this from a shell: root@localhost ~> parted -s — /dev/sdb mkpart primary ext3 0 -1 This will take the whole disk for creating the partition. The parition has been created and now you can quit parted: (parted) quit Now all that has to be done is to format the partition:(the -m swith tells mkfs to only reserve 1% of the blocks for the super block) root@localhost ~> mkfs.ext3 -m1 /dev/sdb1 mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) 1024000000 inodes, 2047999751 blocks 20479997 blocks (1.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 62500 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 16384 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544, 1934917632 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 38 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. Mount the disk root@localhost ~> mount /dev/sdb1 /disk1 root@localhost ~> df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 240G 2.3G 225G 2% / /dev/sda1 996M 45M 900M 5% /boot tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sdb1 7.6T 177M 7.5T 1% /disk1