Networking
Windows Server 2008 R2 丟棄數據包
我的 WS2008R2 Active Directory + DNS + DHCP + NAT 配置似乎有奇怪的問題。它看起來是 DNS、NAT 和 LDAP 之間的某種問題。
第一個後果是某種丟包問題。每隔一段時間，伺服器（充當預設網關）將丟棄數據包，命令將返回“目標主機不可達”。我還沒有弄清楚原因。這似乎與 DNS 無關。
C:\Users\Administrator>ping serverfault.com Pinging serverfault.com [64.34.119.12] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.1: Destination host unreachable. Reply from 64.34.119.12: bytes=32 time=113ms TTL=49 Request timed out. Reply from 64.34.119.12: bytes=32 time=113ms TTL=49 C:\Users\Administrator>ping 74.125.79.105 Pinging 74.125.79.105 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.0.0.1: Destination host unreachable. Reply from 74.125.79.105: bytes=32 time=39ms TTL=49 Reply from 74.125.79.105: bytes=32 time=37ms TTL=49 C:\Users\Administrator>ping 74.125.79.105 Pinging 74.125.79.105 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 74.125.79.105: bytes=32 time=36ms TTL=49 Reply from 74.125.79.105: bytes=32 time=36ms TTL=49所以DNS解析得很好……但有時
10.0.0.1會丟包……只是因為？間歇性發生。這是在伺服器本身上進行的測試，但客戶端表現出幾乎相同的行為，除了 DNS 有時也會失敗。C:\Users\[user]>ping google.com Ping request could not find host google.com. Please check the name and try again. C:\Users\[user]>ping google.com Pinging google.com [74.125.79.105] with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Reply from 74.125.79.105: bytes=32 time=37ms TTL=49 Reply from 74.125.79.105: bytes=32 time=36ms TTL=49這將導致 HTTP 404 錯誤、應用程序抱怨沒有網際網路連接、抱怨伺服器離線等。
例如，它也在報告
_ldap._tcp.Default-First-Site-Name._sites.[server].ad.[domain].net No such name任何幫助或提示將不勝感激。:)
更新： 一些伺服器資訊。
C:\Users\Administrator>ipconfig /all Windows IP Configuration Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : [server] Primary Dns Suffix . . . . . . . : ad.[domain].net Node Type . . . . . . . . . . . . : Mixed IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : Yes WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No DNS Suffix Search List. . . . . . : ad.[domain].net PPP adapter RAS (Dial In) Interface: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : RAS (Dial In) Interface Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.12(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.255 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled Wireless LAN adapter Wireless Network Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Linksys WMP600N Wireless-N PCI Adapter wi th Dual-Band Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-25-9C-FF-C1-FC DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.100(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Realtek RTL8168C(P)/8111C(P) Family PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet NIC (NDIS 6.20) Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-19-66-88-6A-1F DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.1(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 0.0.0.0 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled Tunnel adapter isatap.{B84CD253-70D3-49E5-88F9-102C6B7FCEC0}: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft ISATAP Adapter Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-E0 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 11: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-E0 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Tunnel adapter isatap.{D7DFBDDF-7295-43E8-AAD4-4910D79202A9}: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-E0 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Tunnel adapter isatap.{6E06F030-7526-11D2-BAF4-00600815A4BD}: Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #3 Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-E0 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes C:\Users\Administrator>route print =========================================================================== Interface List 26...........................RAS (Dial In) Interface 15...00 25 9c ff c1 fc ......Linksys WMP600N Wireless-N PCI Adapter with Dual-Band 11...00 19 66 88 6a 1f ......Realtek RTL8168C(P)/8111C(P) Family PCI-E GigabitEthernet NIC (NDIS 6.20) 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 12...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter 13...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface 14...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 16...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #3 =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 On-link 10.0.0.1 266 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.100 276 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 10.0.0.1 266 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.0.0.1 11 10.0.0.12 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.0.0.12 306 10.0.0.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.0.0.1 266 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.1.100 276 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.100 276 192.168.1.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.100 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.0.0.1 266 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.1.100 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.0.0.12 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.0.0.1 266 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.100 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.0.0.12 306 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 Default =========================================================================== IPv6 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: If Metric Network Destination Gateway 1 51 ::1/128 On-link 1 306 ff00::/8 On-link =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None
路由顯示兩個網關，都用於外部連接（網路目標 0.0.0.0）。如果一個沒有響應，則使用另一個。這就是為什麼一些隨機數據包被丟棄的原因。嘗試從您的有線介面 (10.0.0.1) 中刪除預設網關，這樣路由應該始終使用另一個網關。否則，您可以檢查從客戶端到 0.0.0.0 的路由以及客戶端上的 dns 伺服器。