Mdadm
降級後的 RAID1 恢復
下面是我的 2 磁碟 Raid1 陣列的 lsblk、mdadm 和 /proc/mdstat 的輸出
anand@ironman:~$ lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk |-sda1 8:1 0 976M 0 part | `-md0 9:0 0 975.4M 0 raid1 | `-vg_boot-boot (dm-6) 253:6 0 972M 0 lvm /boot `-sda2 8:2 0 464.8G 0 part sdb 8:16 0 465.8G 0 disk |-sdb1 8:17 0 976M 0 part `-sdb2 8:18 0 464.8G 0 part `-md1 9:1 0 464.7G 0 raid1 |-vg00-root (dm-0) 253:0 0 93.1G 0 lvm / |-vg00-home (dm-1) 253:1 0 96.6G 0 lvm /home |-vg00-var (dm-2) 253:2 0 46.6G 0 lvm /var |-vg00-usr (dm-3) 253:3 0 46.6G 0 lvm /usr |-vg00-swap1 (dm-4) 253:4 0 7.5G 0 lvm [SWAP] `-vg00-tmp (dm-5) 253:5 0 952M 0 lvm /tmp anand@ironman:~$ cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md1 : active raid1 sdb2[1] 487253824 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U] md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] 998848 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_] unused devices: <none> anand@ironman:~$ sudo mdadm -D /dev/md0 /dev/md1 /dev/md0: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Wed May 22 21:00:35 2013 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 998848 (975.60 MiB 1022.82 MB) Used Dev Size : 998848 (975.60 MiB 1022.82 MB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 1 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Thu Oct 21 14:35:36 2021 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Name : ironman:0 (local to host ironman) UUID : cbcb9fb6:f7727516:9328d30a:0a970c9b Events : 4415 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 1 0 0 1 removed /dev/md1: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Wed May 22 21:00:47 2013 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 487253824 (464.68 GiB 498.95 GB) Used Dev Size : 487253824 (464.68 GiB 498.95 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 1 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Thu Oct 21 14:35:45 2021 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Name : ironman:1 (local to host ironman) UUID : 3f64c0ce:fcb9ff92:d5fd68d7:844b7e12 Events : 63025777 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2用於從 raid1 故障中恢復的命令是什麼？
我是否必須獲得一個新硬碟才能安全地重新組裝 raid1 設置？
更新1：
anand@ironman:~$ sudo smartctl -H /dev/sda smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.2.0-4-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED Please note the following marginal Attributes: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 054 040 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 46 (0 174 46 28) anand@ironman:~$ sudo smartctl -H /dev/sdb smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.2.0-4-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED anand@ironman:~$智能資訊：
smartctl -a -data /dev/sda 的輸出 smartctl -a -data /dev/sdb 的輸出
更新 2：
anand@ironman:~$ sudo blkid -o list device fs_type label mount point UUID ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /dev/sda1 linux_raid_member ironman:0 (in use) cbcb9fb6-f772-7516-9328-d30a0a970c9b /dev/sda2 linux_raid_member ironman:1 (not mounted) 3f64c0ce-fcb9-ff92-d5fd-68d7844b7e12 /dev/sdb1 linux_raid_member ironman:0 (not mounted) cbcb9fb6-f772-7516-9328-d30a0a970c9b /dev/sdb2 linux_raid_member ironman:1 (in use) 3f64c0ce-fcb9-ff92-d5fd-68d7844b7e12 /dev/md0 LVM2_member (in use) JKI3Lr-VdDK-Ogsk-KOQk-jSKJ-udAV-Vt4ckP /dev/md1 LVM2_member (in use) CAqW3D-WJ7g-2lbw-G3cn-nidp-2jdQ-evFe7r /dev/mapper/vg00-root ext4 root / 82334ff8-3eff-4fc7-9b86-b11eeda314ae /dev/mapper/vg00-home ext4 home /home 8e9f74dd-08e4-45a3-a492-d4eaf22a1d68 /dev/mapper/vg00-var ext4 var /var 0e798199-3219-458d-81b8-b94a5736f1be /dev/mapper/vg00-usr ext4 usr /usr d8a335fc-72e6-4b98-985e-65cff08c4e22 /dev/mapper/vg00-swap1 swap <swap> b95ee4ca-fcca-487f-b6ff-d6c0d49426d8 /dev/mapper/vg00-tmp ext4 tmp /tmp c879fae8-bd25-431d-be3e-6120d0381cb8 /dev/mapper/vg_boot-boot ext4 boot /boot 12684df6-6c4a-450f-8ed1-d3149609a149– 結束更新 2
更新 3 - 遵循 Nikita 的建議後：
/dev/md0: │ Version : 1.2 │ Creation Time : Wed May 22 21:00:35 2013 │ Raid Level : raid1 │ Array Size : 998848 (975.60 MiB 1022.82 MB) │ Used Dev Size : 998848 (975.60 MiB 1022.82 MB) │ Raid Devices : 2 │ Total Devices : 2 │ Persistence : Superblock is persistent │ │ Update Time : Fri Oct 22 21:20:09 2021 │ State : clean │ Active Devices : 2 │ Working Devices : 2 │ Failed Devices : 0 │ Spare Devices : 0 │ │ Name : ironman:0 (local to host ironman) │ UUID : cbcb9fb6:f7727516:9328d30a:0a970c9b │ Events : 4478 │ │ Number Major Minor RaidDevice State │ 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 │ 2 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1 anand@ironman:~/.scripts/automatem/bkp$ sudo mdadm -D /dev/md1 │ /dev/md1: │ Version : 1.2 │ Creation Time : Wed May 22 21:00:47 2013 │ Raid Level : raid1 │ Array Size : 487253824 (464.68 GiB 498.95 GB) │ Used Dev Size : 487253824 (464.68 GiB 498.95 GB) │ Raid Devices : 2 │ Total Devices : 2 │ Persistence : Superblock is persistent │ │ Update Time : Fri Oct 22 21:21:37 2021 │ State : clean │ Active Devices : 2 │ Working Devices : 2 │ Failed Devices : 0 │ Spare Devices : 0 │ │ Name : ironman:1 (local to host ironman) │ UUID : 3f64c0ce:fcb9ff92:d5fd68d7:844b7e12 │ Events : 63038935 │ │ Number Major Minor RaidDevice State │ 2 8 18 0 active sync /dev/sdb2 │ 1 8 34 1 active sync /dev/sdc2謝謝你們！
阿南德
看來你的兩個磁碟都快死了：
/dev/sda: 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 096 096 020 Old_age Always - 5039 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 240 187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 079 079 000 Old_age Always - 21 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 044 015 000 Old_age Always - 26908616 /dev/sdb: 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 4911 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 088 088 005 Pre-fail Always - 90 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 114 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 9640所以，再一次，永遠不要相信它所說的關於自己的東西，它在撒謊！
您需要連接第三個磁碟，對其進行分區並將其添加到您的 RAID 中。等到它完成重建。在那里安裝引導載入程序。然後刪除這兩個失敗的，並連接第四個並再次複製以恢復冗餘。
並設置定期檢查和監控，以避免將來出現這種危險情況。
看到帶有 LVM 的單獨引導 RAID 陣列令人驚訝。很不尋常。單獨引導分區的最初目的是不將其放在 LVM 中，以便更容易訪問（早期的引導載入程序對 LVM 一無所知，所以這是一個要求）。