Linux
Postfix 不向外部伺服器發送郵件
我的 Postfix 伺服器不會將郵件發送到其他所有伺服器，然後是 localhost。
我在 Debian 8.5 系統上使用虛擬使用者和域。傳出的郵件似乎被傳遞到 spamassassin，它試圖將其傳遞到本地郵箱。我認為我的 postfix/master.cf 有問題，但我不知道它可能是什麼。
郵件日誌：
Aug 22 10:20:47 deepthought postfix/smtps/smtpd[16841]: connect from unknown[91.112.51.178] Aug 22 10:20:47 deepthought dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<gerald@zehetner.or.at>, method=PLAIN, rip=91.112.51.178, lip=176.9.82.151, mpid=16843, TLS, session=<56KmuaQ6mgBbcDOy> Aug 22 10:20:47 deepthought postfix/smtps/smtpd[16841]: A202A2F00AA7: client=unknown[91.112.51.178], sasl_method=PLAIN, sasl_username=gerald@zehetner.or.at Aug 22 10:20:47 deepthought postfix/cleanup[16846]: A202A2F00AA7: message-id=<> Aug 22 10:20:47 deepthought postfix/qmgr[16670]: A202A2F00AA7: from=<gerald@zehetner.or.at>, size=493, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Aug 22 10:20:47 deepthought spamd[18401]: spamd: connection from ip6-localhost [::1]:42002 to port 783, fd 6 Aug 22 10:20:47 deepthought spamd[18401]: spamd: setuid to vmail succeeded Aug 22 10:20:47 deepthought spamd[18401]: spamd: processing message (unknown) for vmail:150 Aug 22 10:20:47 deepthought spamd[18401]: spamd: clean message (-0.9/3.0) for vmail:150 in 0.0 seconds, 480 bytes. Aug 22 10:20:47 deepthought spamd[18401]: spamd: result: . 0 - ALL_TRUSTED,MISSING_MID,TVD_SPACE_RATIO scantime=0.0,size=480,user=vmail,uid=150,required_score=3.0,rhost=ip6-localhost,raddr=::1,rport=42002,mid=(unknown),autolearn=no autolearn_force=no Aug 22 10:20:47 deepthought spamd[8044]: prefork: child states: II Aug 22 10:20:48 deepthought postfix/pipe[16847]: A202A2F00AA7: to=<g.zehetner@precisma.at>, relay=spamassassin, delay=0.37, delays=0.28/0/0/0.09, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (user unknown) Aug 22 10:20:48 deepthought postfix/cleanup[16846]: 009DF2F00C7D: message-id=<20160822082048.009DF2F00C7D@deepthought.zege.at> Aug 22 10:20:48 deepthought postfix/bounce[16850]: A202A2F00AA7: sender non-delivery notification: 009DF2F00C7D Aug 22 10:20:48 deepthought postfix/qmgr[16670]: 009DF2F00C7D: from=<>, size=2306, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Aug 22 10:20:48 deepthought postfix/qmgr[16670]: A202A2F00AA7: removed Aug 22 10:20:48 deepthought dovecot: lda(gerald@zehetner.or.at): sieve: msgid=<20160822082048.009DF2F00C7D@deepthought.zege.at>: stored mail into mailbox 'INBOX' Aug 22 10:20:48 deepthought postfix/pipe[16851]: 009DF2F00C7D: to=<gerald@zehetner.or.at>, relay=dovecot, delay=0.13, delays=0.03/0/0/0.1, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered via dovecot service) Aug 22 10:20:48 deepthought postfix/qmgr[16670]: 009DF2F00C7D: removed Aug 22 10:20:48 deepthought postfix/smtps/smtpd[16841]: disconnect from unknown[91.112.51.178]/etc/postfix/master.cf:
# # Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format # of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master" or # on-line: http://www.postfix.org/master.5.html). # # Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file. # # ========================================================================== # service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args # (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100) # ========================================================================== smtp inet n - - - - smtpd -o content_filter=spamassassin #smtp inet n - - - 1 postscreen #smtpd pass - - - - - smtpd #dnsblog unix - - - - 0 dnsblog #tlsproxy unix - - - - 0 tlsproxy submission inet n - - - - smtpd -o syslog_name=postfix/submission -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions= -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING -o content_filter=spamassassin smtps inet n - - - - smtpd -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions= -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING -o content_filter=spamassassin #628 inet n - - - - qmqpd pickup unix n - - 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr #qmgr unix n - n 300 1 oqmgr tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce defer unix - - - - 0 bounce trace unix - - - - 0 bounce verify unix - - - - 1 verify flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - - - - smtp relay unix - - - - - smtp # -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5 showq unix n - - - - showq error unix - - - - - error retry unix - - - - - error discard unix - - - - - discard local unix - n n - - local virtual unix - n n - - virtual lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil scache unix - - - - 1 scache # # ==================================================================== # Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual # pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants. # # Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery # agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient} # and other message envelope options. # ==================================================================== # # maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details. # Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1 # maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} # # ==================================================================== # # Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry. # # Specify in cyrus.conf: # lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4 # # Specify in main.cf one or more of the following: # mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # # ==================================================================== # # Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux) # Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1 # #cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # Old example of delivery via Cyrus. # #old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # # See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details. # uucp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient) # # Other external delivery methods. # ifmail unix - n n - - pipe flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient) bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension} mailman unix - n n - - pipe flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user} dovecot unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail:mail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -f ${sender} -d ${recipient} spamassassin unix - n n - - pipe user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/spamc -f -e /usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -f ${sender} -d ${user}@${nexthop} #user=debian-spamd argv=/usr/bin/spamc -f -e /usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -f ${sender} ${recipient}/etc/postfix/main.cf:
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU) biff = no append_dot_mydomain = no readme_directory = no smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/letsencrypt/live/relay.zege.at-0001/fullchain.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/letsencrypt/live/relay.zege.at-0001/privkey.pem smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_delay_reject = yes smtpd_helo_required = yes smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated permit_mynetworks reject_unauth_destination reject_non_fqdn_sender reject_non_fqdn_recipient reject_unknown_recipient_domain reject_non_fqdn_hostname reject_invalid_hostname reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org reject_unauth_pipelining permit smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated permit_mynetworks reject_invalid_hostname reject_non_fqdn_hostname reject_non_fqdn_recipient reject_non_fqdn_sender reject_unknown_sender_domain reject_unknown_recipient_domain reject_sender_login_mismatch reject_unauth_pipelining reject_unauth_destination reject_multi_recipient_bounce reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname reject_invalid_helo_hostname reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org permit smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated permit_mynetworks reject_unauth_destination reject_non_fqdn_sender reject_non_fqdn_recipient reject_unknown_recipient_domain reject_unauth_pipelining reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org permit smtpd_client_restrictions = reject_invalid_hostname smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining reject_multi_recipient_bounce permit smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated defer_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_exceptions_networks = $mynetworks smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth spamassassin_destination_recipient_limit = 1 myhostname = deepthought.zege.at myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = localhost mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 relayhost = mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases virtual_minimum_uid = 150 virtual_uid_maps = static:150 virtual_gid_maps = static:8 virtual_transport = dovecot dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1 virtual_mailbox_base = /var/vmail virtual_mailbox_domains = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf virtual_alias_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf, proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_domain_maps.cf, proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_domain_catchall_maps.cf virtual_mailbox_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf, proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_alias_domain_mailbox_maps.cf #virtual_create_maildirsize = yes #virtual_mailbox_extended = yes #virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/sql/mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf #virtual_mailbox_limit_override = yes #virtual_maildir_limit_message = Sorry, the user's maildir has overdrawn his diskspace quota, please try again later. #virtual_overquota_bounce = yes
行。我發現了問題。
在 postfix/master.cf 中，spamassassin 服務嘗試使用 dovecot-lda 進行投遞，因此在垃圾郵件檢查之後，它嘗試投遞到本地郵箱。
所以我用
spamassassin unix - n n - - pipe user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/spamc -f -e /usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -f ${sender} ${recipient}相反，現在它完美地工作了。