在 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 上安裝 NPM 時出現庫錯誤

我正在嘗試在 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 上安裝 NPM；

我該如何解決這個問題？

步驟1：

user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update              
Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease                    
   Reading package lists... Done

user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt update
Hit:1 https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Hit:2 https://repo.protonvpn.com/debian stable InRelease                  
Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease                    
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.
atenreiro@stellar:~$ 

第2步：

user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install npm
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libssl-dev : Depends: libssl3 (= 3.0.2-0ubuntu1) but 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.6 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
user@ubuntu:~$ 

第 3 步：

user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install libssl3
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
libssl3 is already the newest version (3.0.2-0ubuntu1.6).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
user@ubuntu:~$ 

第4步：

user@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt show libssl-dev -a
Package: libssl-dev
Version: 3.0.2-0ubuntu1
Priority: optional
Section: libdevel
Source: openssl
Origin: Ubuntu
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
Original-Maintainer: Debian OpenSSL Team <pkg-openssl-devel@alioth-lists.debian.net>
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Installed-Size: 12.4 MB
Depends: libssl3 (= 3.0.2-0ubuntu1)
Suggests: libssl-doc
Conflicts: libssl1.0-dev
Homepage: https://www.openssl.org/
Download-Size: 2,372 kB
APT-Sources: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages
Description: Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - development files
This package is part of the OpenSSL project's implementation of the SSL
and TLS cryptographic protocols for secure communication over the
Internet.
.
It contains development libraries, header files, and manpages for libssl
and libcrypto.

user@ubuntu

第 5 步：

user@ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy main universe restricted
user@ubuntu:~$

看起來您缺少更新頻道。

當我執行時，apt show libssl-dev -a我會列出兩個版本的包：

Package: libssl-dev
Version: 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.6
Depends: libssl3 (= 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.6)
APT-Sources: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 Packages

Package: libssl-dev
Version: 3.0.2-0ubuntu1
Depends: libssl3 (= 3.0.2-0ubuntu1)
APT-Sources: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages

（為簡潔起見，輸出減少到最小）

如您所見，您使用的軟體包版本來自正常渠道，想要的版本來自jammy-updates.

將頻道添加到您的sources.list：

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main universe restricted

當您使用它時，您可能還想添加jammy-security.

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main universe restricted

引用自：https://serverfault.com/questions/1111382