Libvirt
啟動實例時權限被拒絕錯誤（“無法打開備份文件”）
使用 OpenStack，從 Debian 測試 (buster) 上可用的軟體包安裝。當我嘗試啟動一個實例時，它在 nova-compute.log 中使用此消息建構後失敗：
無法打開支持文件：無法打開“/var/lib/nova/instances/_base/affe96668a4c64ef380ff1c71b4caec17039080e”：權限被拒絕
該文件具有權限：
$ namei -l /var/lib/nova/instances/_base/affe96668a4c64ef380ff1c71b4caec17039080e f: /var/lib/nova/instances/_base/affe96668a4c64ef380ff1c71b4caec17039080e drwxr-xr-x root root / drwxr-xr-x root root var drwxr-xr-x root root lib drwxr-xr-x nova nova nova drwxr-xr-x nova nova instances drwxr-xr-x nova nova _base -rw-r--r-- libvirt-qemu libvirt-qemu affe96668a4c64ef380ff1c71b4caec17039080e我發現了一個相關的問題（https://bugs.launchpad.net/openstack-helm/+bug/1714421），但它的更新檔（在 /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf 中設置使用者和組）不起作用。
據我所知，QEMU 程序以 root 身份執行，所以我不確定哪個使用者在哪個程序下實際上被拒絕了權限。
或者：openstack 或 libvirt 的哪個部分創建該文件並將“libvirt-qemu”設置為使用者和組？
nova-compute.log 的相關部分：
2018-03-02T05:15:27.083155Z qemu-system-x86_64: -drive file=/var/lib/nova/instances/9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05/disk,format=qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0,cache=none: Could not open backing file: Could not open '/var/lib/nova/instances/_base/affe96668a4c64ef380ff1c71b4caec17039080e': Permission denied 2018-03-01 23:15:27.373 2376 ERROR nova.virt.libvirt.driver [req-3cb9fbc5-8f4e-4244-8b14-b52ac1f0494b a6f48b630f634371ba94558f3ba576b8 5f46526ffab3410a9cf71b37fa242e11 - default default] [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] Failed to start libvirt guest: libvirtError: internal error: process exited while connecting to monitor: outputs=1,bus=pci.0,addr=0x2 -device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x6 -msg timestamp=on 2018-03-02T05:15:27.083155Z qemu-system-x86_64: -drive file=/var/lib/nova/instances/9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05/disk,format=qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0,cache=none: Could not open backing file: Could not open '/var/lib/nova/instances/_base/affe96668a4c64ef380ff1c71b4caec17039080e': Permission denied 2018-03-01 23:15:27.374 2376 INFO os_vif [req-3cb9fbc5-8f4e-4244-8b14-b52ac1f0494b a6f48b630f634371ba94558f3ba576b8 5f46526ffab3410a9cf71b37fa242e11 - default default] Successfully unplugged vif VIFBridge(active=False,address=fa:16:3e:b4:ed:53,bridge_name='brq03b5dd02-ac',has_traffic_filtering=True,id=042a5f68-01bb-453e-bb2a-2d798b7691d5,network=Network(03b5dd02-ac2f-49f0-b1ff-fa26059f352c),plugin='linux_bridge',port_profile=<?>,preserve_on_delete=False,vif_name='tap042a5f68-01') 2018-03-01 23:15:27.434 2376 INFO nova.virt.libvirt.driver [req-3cb9fbc5-8f4e-4244-8b14-b52ac1f0494b a6f48b630f634371ba94558f3ba576b8 5f46526ffab3410a9cf71b37fa242e11 - default default] [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] Deleting instance files /var/lib/nova/instances/9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05_del 2018-03-01 23:15:27.436 2376 INFO nova.virt.libvirt.driver [req-3cb9fbc5-8f4e-4244-8b14-b52ac1f0494b a6f48b630f634371ba94558f3ba576b8 5f46526ffab3410a9cf71b37fa242e11 - default default] [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] Deletion of /var/lib/nova/instances/9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05_del complete 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [req-3cb9fbc5-8f4e-4244-8b14-b52ac1f0494b a6f48b630f634371ba94558f3ba576b8 5f46526ffab3410a9cf71b37fa242e11 - default default] [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] Instance failed to spawn: libvirtError: internal error: process exited while connecting to monitor: outputs=1,bus=pci.0,addr=0x2 -device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x6 -msg timestamp=on 2018-03-02T05:15:27.083155Z qemu-system-x86_64: -drive file=/var/lib/nova/instances/9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05/disk,format=qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0,cache=none: Could not open backing file: Could not open '/var/lib/nova/instances/_base/affe96668a4c64ef380ff1c71b4caec17039080e': Permission denied 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] Traceback (most recent call last): 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 2192, in _build_resources 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] yield resources 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/compute/manager.py", line 2007, in _build_and_run_instance 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] block_device_info=block_device_info) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 2814, in spawn 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] destroy_disks_on_failure=True) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 5294, in _create_domain_and_network 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] destroy_disks_on_failure) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 220, in __exit__ 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] self.force_reraise() 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 196, in force_reraise 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] six.reraise(self.type_, self.value, self.tb) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 5264, in _create_domain_and_network 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] post_xml_callback=post_xml_callback) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 5182, in _create_domain 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] guest.launch(pause=pause) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/guest.py", line 144, in launch 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] self._encoded_xml, errors='ignore') 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 220, in __exit__ 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] self.force_reraise() 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 196, in force_reraise 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] six.reraise(self.type_, self.value, self.tb) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/guest.py", line 139, in launch 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] return self._domain.createWithFlags(flags) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 186, in doit 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] result = proxy_call(self._autowrap, f, *args, **kwargs) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 144, in proxy_call 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] rv = execute(f, *args, **kwargs) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 125, in execute 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] six.reraise(c, e, tb) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 83, in tworker 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] rv = meth(*args, **kwargs) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/libvirt.py", line 1099, in createWithFlags 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] if ret == -1: raise libvirtError ('virDomainCreateWithFlags() failed', dom=self) 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] libvirtError: internal error: process exited while connecting to monitor: outputs=1,bus=pci.0,addr=0x2 -device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x6 -msg timestamp=on 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] 2018-03-02T05:15:27.083155Z qemu-system-x86_64: -drive file=/var/lib/nova/instances/9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05/disk,format=qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0,cache=none: Could not open backing file: Could not open '/var/lib/nova/instances/_base/affe96668a4c64ef380ff1c71b4caec17039080e': Permission denied 2018-03-01 23:15:27.813 2376 ERROR nova.compute.manager [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] 2018-03-01 23:15:27.815 2376 INFO nova.compute.manager [req-3cb9fbc5-8f4e-4244-8b14-b52ac1f0494b a6f48b630f634371ba94558f3ba576b8 5f46526ffab3410a9cf71b37fa242e11 - default default] [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] Terminating instance 2018-03-01 23:15:27.822 2376 INFO nova.virt.libvirt.driver [-] [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] Instance destroyed successfully. 2018-03-01 23:15:27.824 2376 INFO os_vif [req-3cb9fbc5-8f4e-4244-8b14-b52ac1f0494b a6f48b630f634371ba94558f3ba576b8 5f46526ffab3410a9cf71b37fa242e11 - default default] Successfully unplugged vif VIFBridge(active=False,address=fa:16:3e:b4:ed:53,bridge_name='brq03b5dd02-ac',has_traffic_filtering=True,id=042a5f68-01bb-453e-bb2a-2d798b7691d5,network=Network(03b5dd02-ac2f-49f0-b1ff-fa26059f352c),plugin='linux_bridge',port_profile=<?>,preserve_on_delete=False,vif_name='tap042a5f68-01') 2018-03-01 23:15:28.107 2376 INFO nova.virt.libvirt.driver [req-3cb9fbc5-8f4e-4244-8b14-b52ac1f0494b a6f48b630f634371ba94558f3ba576b8 5f46526ffab3410a9cf71b37fa242e11 - default default] [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] Deletion of /var/lib/nova/instances/9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05_del complete 2018-03-01 23:15:28.501 2376 INFO nova.compute.manager [req-3cb9fbc5-8f4e-4244-8b14-b52ac1f0494b a6f48b630f634371ba94558f3ba576b8 5f46526ffab3410a9cf71b37fa242e11 - default default] [instance: 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05] Took 0.68 seconds to destroy the instance on the hypervisor. 2018-03-01 23:15:29.721 2376 WARNING nova.scheduler.client.report [req-3cb9fbc5-8f4e-4244-8b14-b52ac1f0494b a6f48b630f634371ba94558f3ba576b8 5f46526ffab3410a9cf71b37fa242e11 - default default] Unable to delete allocation for instance 9ac0d3ec-35ad-4420-ae20-f6c0c9845f05: (500 {"computeFault": {"message": "The server has either erred or is incapable of performing the requested operation.", "code": 500}}) 2018-03-01 23:15:29.721 2376 WARNING nova.compute.manager [req-3cb9fbc5-8f4e-4244-8b14-b52ac1f0494b a6f48b630f634371ba94558f3ba576b8 5f46526ffab3410a9cf71b37fa242e11 - default default] 6 consecutive build failures如果需要，我可以發布額外的日誌。
這是因為 debian libvirt 包中包含的 libvirt 的 AppArmor 配置文件不包括對 nova 實例目錄 (/var/lib/nova/instances) 的訪問，並且 openstack 包沒有任何 apparmor 配置文件。
通過將以下行添加到以下行來修復此錯誤
/etc/apparmor.d/usr.lib.libvirt.virt-aa-helper：/var/lib/nova/instances/_base/ r, /var/lib/nova/instances/_base/* r, /var/lib/nova/instances/** rw,並執行：
sudo apparmor_parser -r /etc/apparmor.d/usr.lib.libvirt.virt-aa-helper