外部驅動器從 /dev/sda 切換到 /dev/sdb

我們有一個帶有外部驅動器的小盒子，用於備份配置集。我發現問題只是在重新啟動或驅動器從任何未知事件切換/dev/sda1到/dev/sdb1.

如何規避此問題或配置 fstab 以嘗試這兩個位置？

/dev/sda1       /stor           ext4    defaults,noatime,noexec  0       0

你可以看到我做了很多調試：

root@nsa:~# mount /stor
mount: special device /dev/sda1 does not exist

正如您在下面看到的，我在編寫問題時做了一些調試。

系統日誌：

Jul 16 09:48:48 nsa kernel: [167416.395274] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): 
        __ext4_read_dirblock:908: error reading directory block (ino 2, block 0)

#df -h之前umount：

/dev/sda1       1.4T  185G  1.1T  15% /stor

#dmesg:

[   170.431715] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[119366.019470] usb 1-1.2: USB disconnect, device number 4
[119366.297601] usb 1-1.2: new high-speed USB device number 6 using dwc_otg
[119366.398979] usb 1-1.2: New USB device found, idVendor=1058, idProduct=1021
[119366.399013] usb 1-1.2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[119366.399029] usb 1-1.2: Product: Ext HDD 1021
[119366.399047] usb 1-1.2: Manufacturer: Western Digital
[119366.399063] usb 1-1.2: SerialNumber: 5743415A4132343133343334
[119366.400719] usb-storage 1-1.2:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[119366.403826] scsi1 : usb-storage 1-1.2:1.0
[119367.398875] scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access     WD       Ext HDD 1021     2002 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4
[119367.401608] sd 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
[119367.402505] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 2930272256 512-byte logical blocks: (1.50 TB/1.36 TiB)
[119367.403524] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[119367.404593] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Asking for cache data failed
[119367.404623] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[119367.407157] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[119367.410142] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Asking for cache data failed
[119367.410185] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[119374.143786]  sdb: sdb1
[119374.146995] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[119374.149166] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Asking for cache data failed
[119374.149203] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[119374.149231] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
[153689.349544] EXT4-fs error (device sda1): ext4_find_entry:1309: inode #2: comm rsync: reading directory lblock 0

#lsusb:

Bus 001 Device 006: ID 1058:1021 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements 2TB

正如評論中提到的，獲取磁碟的 UUID 並將其粘貼到您的 fstab 中；

UUID=66a7ba58-b1e2-4d91-9b5e-085064a954ab /stor ext4 defaults 0 0

（將 UUID 值替換為您自己的值）。很簡單ls -la /dev/disk/by-uuid（這只是一個名為 UUID 的符號連結的集合，它指向真實設備的標識符（sda、sdb 等）。在我的例子中；

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jul 7 08:45 66a7ba58-b1e2-4d91-9b5e-085064a954ab -> ../../sdf

具有該 UUID 的磁碟是 /dev/sdf，但我不必知道。設備的位置可能、將會而且確實會改變。它的 UUID 被烘焙到文件系統的目錄中，除非您將其格式化干淨，否則它永遠不會改變。

引用自：https://serverfault.com/questions/612933