Email
帶有 SASL 的 Postfix + Courier + MySql 郵件伺服器
我真的不知道配置這個郵件伺服器部署。我正在關注http://flurdy.com/docs/postfix/上發布的優秀指南。我在 Linode 上使用 Ubuntu 10.04 LTS。
在遵循信件指南時，我在從 Thunderbird 郵件客戶端發送郵件時遇到了來自 Postfix 的錯誤。
warning: SASL authentication failure: no secret in database隨後是通用身份驗證失敗消息。
經過一番Google搜尋後，我在 Postfix 文件中發現以下內容似乎與 Flurdy 指南相抵觸：
如果必須儲存加密密碼，則不能使用 ldapdb auxprop 外掛。相反，您可以使用“saslauthd -a ldap”直接查詢 LDAP 數據庫，並在 saslauthd.conf 中進行適當的配置。這可能會記錄在本文件的更高版本中。您將無法使用任何需要訪問明文密碼的方法，例如共享秘密方法 CRAM-MD5 和 DIGEST-MD5。
該指南似乎依賴 PAM 來規避這個限制，但我認為這是我的配置不起作用的部分（數據庫錯誤中的秘密。）我從 /etc 中刪除了 CRAM-MD5 和 DIGEST-MD5 機制/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf，現在我可以使用 PLAIN 登錄。
問題是這些密碼現在是在未加密的情況下傳輸的。還有一個奇怪的問題是，我們的 Thunderbird 客戶端似乎無法將消息保存到“已發送”文件夾，並且在傳輸完成後只是掛在發送進度條上。
我想繼續配置 TLS 以使連接更安全，但到目前為止，這一直是一場噩夢，我幾乎不敢走得更遠，冒著破壞配置的風險。我對這些服務中的很多都不熟悉，我希望能找到正確的方向。
配置：
/etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.confpwcheck_method: saslauthd mech_list: plain login log_level: 7 allow_plaintext: true auxprop_plugin: sql sql_engine: mysql sql_hostnames: 127.0.0.1 sql_user: mail sql_passw: *redacted* sql_database: maildb sql_select: select crypt from users where id='%u@%r' and enabled = 1
/etc/postfix/main.cf# Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. #myorigin = /etc/mailname myhostname = mail.hostname_here.com smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. myorigin = gonation.com mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all relayhost = mynetworks_style = host local_recipient_maps = mydestination = # how long if undelivered before sending warning update to sender delay_warning_time = 4h # will it be a permanent error or temporary unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 450 # how long to keep message on queue before return as failed. # some have 3 days, I have 16 days as I am backup server for some people # whom go on holiday with their server switched off. maximal_queue_lifetime = 7d # max and min time in seconds between retries if connection failed minimal_backoff_time = 1000s maximal_backoff_time = 8000s # how long to wait when servers connect before receiving rest of data smtp_helo_timeout = 60s # how many address can be used in one message. # effective stopper to mass spammers, accidental copy in whole address list # but may restrict intentional mail shots. smtpd_recipient_limit = 16 # how many error before back off. smtpd_soft_error_limit = 3 # how many max errors before blocking it. smtpd_hard_error_limit = 12 # Requirements for the HELO statement smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_hostname,reject_invalid_hostname,permit # Requirements for the connecting server smtpd_client_restrictions = reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org,reject_rbl_client blackholes.easynet.nl,reject_rbl_client dnsbl.njabl.org smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining # require proper helo at connections smtpd_helo_required = yes # waste spammers time before rejecting them smtpd_delay_reject = yes disable_vrfy_command = yes # not sure of the difference of the next two # but they are needed for local aliasing alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases # this specifies where the virtual mailbox folders will be located virtual_mailbox_base = /var/spool/mail/virtual # this is for the mailbox location for each user virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_mailbox.cf # and this is for aliases virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_alias.cf # and this is for domain lookups virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_domains.cf # this is how to connect to the domains (all virtual, but the option is there) # not used yet # transport_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_transport.cf virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 # SASL smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes # If your potential clients use Outlook Express or other older clients # this needs to be set to yes broken_sasl_auth_clients = no smtpd_sasl2_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_local_domain = smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks,warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain,reject_unauth_pipelining,permit smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain,reject_unauth_destination, check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:10023, permit
/etc/postfix/master.cf# # Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format # of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master"). # # Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file. # # ========================================================================== # service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args # (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100) # ========================================================================== smtp inet n - - - - smtpd #submission inet n - - - - smtpd # -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #smtps inet n - - - - smtpd # -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #628 inet n - - - - qmqpd pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr #qmgr fifo n - - 300 1 oqmgr tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce defer unix - - - - 0 bounce trace unix - - - - 0 bounce verify unix - - - - 1 verify flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - - - - smtp # When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops relay unix - - - - - smtp -o smtp_fallback_relay= # -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5 showq unix n - - - - showq error unix - - - - - error retry unix - - - - - error discard unix - - - - - discard local unix - n n - - local virtual unix - n n - - virtual lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil scache unix - - - - 1 scache # # ==================================================================== # Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual # pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants. # # Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery # agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient} # and other message envelope options. # ==================================================================== # # maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details. # Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1 # maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} # # ==================================================================== # # Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry. # # Specify in cyrus.conf: # lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4 # # Specify in main.cf one or more of the following: # mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # # ==================================================================== # # Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux) # Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1 # #cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # Old example of delivery via Cyrus. # #old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # # See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details. # uucp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient) # # Other external delivery methods. # ifmail unix - n n - - pipe flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient) bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension} mailman unix - n n - - pipe flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user}
/etc/pam.d/smtpauth required pam_mysql.so user=mail passwd=*redacted* host=127.0.0.1 db=maildb table=users usercolumn=id passwdcolumn=crypt crypt=1 account sufficient pam_mysql.so user=mail passwd=*redacted* host=127.0.0.1 db=maildb table=users usercolumn=id passwdcolumn=crypt crypt=1
/etc/default/saslauthdSTART=yes DESC="SASL Authentication Daemon" NAME="saslauthd" MECHANISMS="pam" MECH_OPTIONS="" THREADS=5 OPTIONS="-r -c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd"
讓 SASL 工作是最困難的事情。無論如何，你得到了它的工作。繼續按照 Flurdy 的部分啟用 TLS，該部分不會為您破壞任何東西。蛇油文件已經存在，因此無需生成 ssl 文件。