使用 apache、mod_wsgi、python3 venv 在 centos 7 上部署 Django 2.1

我偶然發現了這個看似最相關的部署選項，因為指南似乎要麼使用 python2 引用 mod_wsgi，要麼在預期路徑不同的基於 deb 的系統上進行部署。

所以我遵循以下步驟：

#repos for python3.6, wsgi for python3.6
yum install epel-release centos-release-scl

#base packages
yum install python36 python36-devel httpd httpd-devel rh-python36-mod_wsgi

#python3.6 venv
cd /var/www; 
python36 -m venv django-venv
source django-venv/bin/activate
pip3 install django

#apache config to support wsgi
edit /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf to include
LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so

用於提供位於 /var/www/mysite 的 django 內容的 apache 配置

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin foo@mysite.com
ServerName mysite.com
ServerAlias www.mysite.com

WSGIDaemonProcess mysite python-home=/var/www/django-venv/ python-path=/var/www/django-venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages
WSGIProcessGroup mysite
WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/mysite/mysite/wsgi.py

Alias /static /var/www/mysite/static
<Directory /var/www/mysite/mysite/static>
 Require all granted
</Directory>

<Directory /var/www/mysite/mysite>
 <Files wsgi.py>
 Require all granted
 </Files>
</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

SEL 變化：

chown apache:apache -R /var/www/mysite chown apache:apache -R /var/www/django-venv

httpd 成功啟動，但我在錯誤日誌中不斷收到以下內容：

Current thread 0x00007f5b5a486880 (most recent call first):
[Fri Nov 23 14:29:02.019635 2018] [core:notice] [pid 4837] AH00052: child pid 5159 exit signal Aborted (6)
Fatal Python error: Py_Initialize: Unable to get the locale encoding
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'encodings'

你們能否確認到目前為止我在此設置的步驟中缺少什麼？

其他一些資訊：

ll /etc/httpd/modules/*wsgi* -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 966K Nov 23 09:13 /etc/httpd/modules/mod_wsgi.so

systemctl status -l httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2018-11-23 14:26:16 EET; 13min ago
Docs: man:httpd(8)
man:apachectl(8)
Main PID: 4837 (httpd)
Status: "Total requests: 3; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic:   0 B/sec"
CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
├─4837 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─4839 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─4840 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─4841 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─4842 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─4843 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
└─4850 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
Nov 23 14:26:16 www1 systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
Nov 23 14:26:16 www1 httpd[4837]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::a7a7:b61c:5ffc:b91a. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Nov 23 14:26:16 www1 systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.

我得到了一切工作。以下是完整的步驟：

yum install epel-release centos-release-scl 
yum install python36 python36-devel httpd httpd-devel rh-python36-mod_wsgi`  

檢查是否rh-python36-mod_wsgi將所有內容都放在正確的目錄中

rpm -ql rh-python36-mod_wsgi

如果發現於：

/opt/rh/httpd24/root/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/10-rh-python36-wsgi.conf  
/opt/rh/httpd24/root/usr/lib64/httpd/modules/mod_rh-python36-wsgi.so  

將它們移至：

/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/10-rh-python36-wsgi.conf  
/etc/httpd/modules/mod_rh-python36-wsgi.so  

創建 python3 venv。如果你是從某個地方搬來的，而不是在裡面創建，請檢查 SEL 以確保 apache 可以使用它

cd /var/www
python36 -m venv django-venv
source /var/www/django-venv/activate

在 /etc/httpd/conf.d/django.conf 配置虛擬主機

<VirtualHost *:80>

ServerName mysite.com
ServerAlias www.mysite.com


WSGIDaemonProcess mysite python-home=/var/www/django-venv python-path=/var/www/mysite
WSGIProcessGroup mysite
WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/mysite/mysite/wsgi.py

Alias /static /var/www/mysite/static
<Directory /var/www/mysite/static>
   Require all granted
</Directory>

<Directory /var/www/mysite/mysite>
   <Files wsgi.py>
       Require all granted
   </Files>
</Directory>

</VirtualHost>

如果項目移至/var/www，請恢復正確的 SEL 標籤：

restorecon -Rv /var/www

使項目目錄歸 apache 所有：

chown -R apache:apache /var/www/mysite

如果使用 SQLite，允許 SEL 允許 apache 訪問它（需要改進）：

semanage boolean -p http_unified on

引用自：https://serverfault.com/questions/941341