Centos
使用 mirrors.fedoraproject.org 在 CentOS6.7 上的 EPEL 儲存庫出現證書錯誤
無法更新配置了 EPEL 儲存庫的 CentOS 6.7 系統。
[epel] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6 failovermethod=priority連接到 mirrors.fedoraproject.org 時出現證書錯誤。我在啟用 url 抓取器的情況下執行 yum 命令，我發現我的系統缺少 CA 來驗證來自 mirrors.fedoraproject.org 的證書。
$ URLGRABBER_DEBUG=1 yum check-update 2015-12-17 14:05:00,510 attempt 1/10: https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-6&arch=x86_64 INFO:urlgrabber:attempt 1/10: https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-6&arch=x86_64 * About to connect() to mirrors.fedoraproject.org port 443 (#0) * Trying 140.211.169.206... * connected * Connected to mirrors.fedoraproject.org (140.211.169.206) port 443 (#0) * Initializing NSS with certpath: sql:/etc/pki/nssdb * CAfile: /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt CApath: none * Peer's certificate issuer is not recognized: 'CN=DigiCert SHA2 High Assurance Server CA,OU=www.digicert.com,O=DigiCert Inc,C=US' * NSS error -8179 * Closing connection #0 * Peer certificate cannot be authenticated with known CA certificates 2015-12-17 14:05:00,767 exception: [Errno 14] Peer cert cannot be verified or peer cert invalid INFO:urlgrabber:exception: [Errno 14] Peer cert cannot be verified or peer cert invalid 2015-12-17 14:05:00,774 retrycode (14) not in list [-1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7], re-raising INFO:urlgrabber:retrycode (14) not in list [-1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7], re-raising Could not retrieve mirrorlist https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?repo=epel-6&arch=x86_64 error was 14: Peer cert cannot be verified or peer cert invalid Error: Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo: epelca-certificate 包沒有更新
$ yum update ca-certificates --disablerepo epel Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Setting up Update Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.kernel.org * extras: mirror.solarvps.com * updates: ftp.linux.ncsu.edu No Packages marked for Update這是 ca-certificates 包的目前版本
Name : ca-certificates Arch : noarch Version : 2015.2.4 Release : 65.0.1.el6_6 Size : 3.2 M Repo : installed From repo : updates Summary : The Mozilla CA root certificate bundle URL : http://www.mozilla.org/ License : Public Domain Description : This package contains the set of CA certificates chosen by the : Mozilla Foundation for use with the Internet PKI.
就像 iwaseantenbyagrue 指出的那樣，您可以看到 openssl s_client 提供的證書。問題是伺服器（mirrors.fedoraproject.org）不提供中間證書，
issuer=/C=US/O=DigiCert Inc/OU=www.digicert.com/CN=DigiCert SHA2 High Assurance Server CA並且您的 ca-bundle 中沒有證書。
在我看來，最好的事情是如果中間證書被添加到 mirrors.fedoraproject.org，但你或我對此無能為力，所以你要麼嘗試更新 ca 捆綁包，要麼你可以下載來自DigiCert Root Ca 下載頁面的中級證書。您可以像這樣使用 openssl 將其轉換為 x509（如果您只想要證書，請省略 -text）。
openssl x509 -inform der -in DigiCertSHA2HighAssuranceServerCA.crt -text Certificate: Data: Version: 3 (0x2) Serial Number: 04:e1:e7:a4:dc:5c:f2:f3:6d:c0:2b:42:b8:5d:15:9f Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption Issuer: C=US, O=DigiCert Inc, OU=www.digicert.com, CN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA Validity Not Before: Oct 22 12:00:00 2013 GMT Not After : Oct 22 12:00:00 2028 GMT Subject: C=US, O=DigiCert Inc, OU=www.digicert.com, CN=DigiCert SHA2 High Assurance Server CA Subject Public Key Info: Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption Public-Key: (2048 bit) Modulus: 00:b6:e0:2f:c2:24:06:c8:6d:04:5f:d7:ef:0a:64: 06:b2:7d:22:26:65:16:ae:42:40:9b:ce:dc:9f:9f: 76:07:3e:c3:30:55:87:19:b9:4f:94:0e:5a:94:1f: 55:56:b4:c2:02:2a:af:d0:98:ee:0b:40:d7:c4:d0: 3b:72:c8:14:9e:ef:90:b1:11:a9:ae:d2:c8:b8:43: 3a:d9:0b:0b:d5:d5:95:f5:40:af:c8:1d:ed:4d:9c: 5f:57:b7:86:50:68:99:f5:8a:da:d2:c7:05:1f:a8: 97:c9:dc:a4:b1:82:84:2d:c6:ad:a5:9c:c7:19:82: a6:85:0f:5e:44:58:2a:37:8f:fd:35:f1:0b:08:27: 32:5a:f5:bb:8b:9e:a4:bd:51:d0:27:e2:dd:3b:42: 33:a3:05:28:c4:bb:28:cc:9a:ac:2b:23:0d:78:c6: 7b:e6:5e:71:b7:4a:3e:08:fb:81:b7:16:16:a1:9d: 23:12:4d:e5:d7:92:08:ac:75:a4:9c:ba:cd:17:b2: 1e:44:35:65:7f:53:25:39:d1:1c:0a:9a:63:1b:19: 92:74:68:0a:37:c2:c2:52:48:cb:39:5a:a2:b6:e1: 5d:c1:dd:a0:20:b8:21:a2:93:26:6f:14:4a:21:41: c7:ed:6d:9b:f2:48:2f:f3:03:f5:a2:68:92:53:2f: 5e:e3 Exponent: 65537 (0x10001) X509v3 extensions: X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical CA:TRUE, pathlen:0 X509v3 Key Usage: critical Digital Signature, Certificate Sign, CRL Sign X509v3 Extended Key Usage: TLS Web Server Authentication, TLS Web Client Authentication Authority Information Access: OCSP - URI:http://ocsp.digicert.com X509v3 CRL Distribution Points: Full Name: URI:http://crl4.digicert.com/DigiCertHighAssuranceEVRootCA.crl X509v3 Certificate Policies: Policy: X509v3 Any Policy CPS: https://www.digicert.com/CPS X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 51:68:FF:90:AF:02:07:75:3C:CC:D9:65:64:62:A2:12:B8:59:72:3B X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: keyid:B1:3E:C3:69:03:F8:BF:47:01:D4:98:26:1A:08:02:EF:63:64:2B:C3 Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption 18:8a:95:89:03:e6:6d:df:5c:fc:1d:68:ea:4a:8f:83:d6:51: 2f:8d:6b:44:16:9e:ac:63:f5:d2:6e:6c:84:99:8b:aa:81:71: 84:5b:ed:34:4e:b0:b7:79:92:29:cc:2d:80:6a:f0:8e:20:e1: 79:a4:fe:03:47:13:ea:f5:86:ca:59:71:7d:f4:04:96:6b:d3: 59:58:3d:fe:d3:31:25:5c:18:38:84:a3:e6:9f:82:fd:8c:5b: 98:31:4e:cd:78:9e:1a:fd:85:cb:49:aa:f2:27:8b:99:72:fc: 3e:aa:d5:41:0b:da:d5:36:a1:bf:1c:6e:47:49:7f:5e:d9:48: 7c:03:d9:fd:8b:49:a0:98:26:42:40:eb:d6:92:11:a4:64:0a: 57:54:c4:f5:1d:d6:02:5e:6b:ac:ee:c4:80:9a:12:72:fa:56: 93:d7:ff:bf:30:85:06:30:bf:0b:7f:4e:ff:57:05:9d:24:ed: 85:c3:2b:fb:a6:75:a8:ac:2d:16:ef:7d:79:27:b2:eb:c2:9d: 0b:07:ea:aa:85:d3:01:a3:20:28:41:59:43:28:d2:81:e3:aa: f6:ec:7b:3b:77:b6:40:62:80:05:41:45:01:ef:17:06:3e:de: c0:33:9b:67:d3:61:2e:72:87:e4:69:fc:12:00:57:40:1e:70: f5:1e:c9:b4 -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIEsTCCA5mgAwIBAgIQBOHnpNxc8vNtwCtCuF0VnzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBs MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3 d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSswKQYDVQQDEyJEaWdpQ2VydCBIaWdoIEFzc3VyYW5j ZSBFViBSb290IENBMB4XDTEzMTAyMjEyMDAwMFoXDTI4MTAyMjEyMDAwMFowcDEL MAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoTDERpZ2lDZXJ0IEluYzEZMBcGA1UECxMQd3d3 LmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbTEvMC0GA1UEAxMmRGlnaUNlcnQgU0hBMiBIaWdoIEFzc3Vy YW5jZSBTZXJ2ZXIgQ0EwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQC2 4C/CJAbIbQRf1+8KZAayfSImZRauQkCbztyfn3YHPsMwVYcZuU+UDlqUH1VWtMIC Kq/QmO4LQNfE0DtyyBSe75CxEamu0si4QzrZCwvV1ZX1QK/IHe1NnF9Xt4ZQaJn1 itrSxwUfqJfJ3KSxgoQtxq2lnMcZgqaFD15EWCo3j/018QsIJzJa9buLnqS9UdAn 4t07QjOjBSjEuyjMmqwrIw14xnvmXnG3Sj4I+4G3FhahnSMSTeXXkgisdaScus0X sh5ENWV/UyU50RwKmmMbGZJ0aAo3wsJSSMs5WqK24V3B3aAguCGikyZvFEohQcft bZvySC/zA/WiaJJTL17jAgMBAAGjggFJMIIBRTASBgNVHRMBAf8ECDAGAQH/AgEA MA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBhjAdBgNVHSUEFjAUBggrBgEFBQcDAQYIKwYBBQUHAwIw NAYIKwYBBQUHAQEEKDAmMCQGCCsGAQUFBzABhhhodHRwOi8vb2NzcC5kaWdpY2Vy dC5jb20wSwYDVR0fBEQwQjBAoD6gPIY6aHR0cDovL2NybDQuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29t L0RpZ2lDZXJ0SGlnaEFzc3VyYW5jZUVWUm9vdENBLmNybDA9BgNVHSAENjA0MDIG BFUdIAAwKjAoBggrBgEFBQcCARYcaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tL0NQ UzAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUUWj/kK8CB3U8zNllZGKiErhZcjswHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUsT7D aQP4v0cB1JgmGggC72NkK8MwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQADggEBABiKlYkD5m3fXPwd aOpKj4PWUS+Na0QWnqxj9dJubISZi6qBcYRb7TROsLd5kinMLYBq8I4g4Xmk/gNH E+r1hspZcX30BJZr01lYPf7TMSVcGDiEo+afgv2MW5gxTs14nhr9hctJqvIni5ly /D6q1UEL2tU2ob8cbkdJf17ZSHwD2f2LSaCYJkJA69aSEaRkCldUxPUd1gJea6zu xICaEnL6VpPX/78whQYwvwt/Tv9XBZ0k7YXDK/umdaisLRbvfXknsuvCnQsH6qqF 0wGjIChBWUMo0oHjqvbsezt3tkBigAVBRQHvFwY+3sAzm2fTYS5yh+Rp/BIAV0Ae cPUeybQ= -----END CERTIFICATE-----我不記得它是如何在 CentOS 中完成的，但是有些東西就像把 pem 文件放在 /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ 並執行
update-ca-trust以將此證書添加到您的信任庫。