Backup
自動備份 PostgreSQL 數據庫的最佳方法是什麼?
我發現每週都必須備份數據庫很乏味。而且我還認為每周備份應該變成每日備份。如果我必須這樣做,我不想手動進行。每天自動備份 PostgreSQL 數據庫的最佳方法是什麼?
就像您對任何其他可以自動化的重複性任務所做的一樣 - 您編寫一個腳本來進行備份,然後設置一個 cron 作業來執行它。
例如,如下所示的腳本:
(注意:它必須以 postgres 使用者或任何其他具有相同權限的使用者身份執行)
#! /bin/bash # backup-postgresql.sh # by Craig Sanders <cas@taz.net.au> # This script is public domain. feel free to use or modify # as you like. DUMPALL='/usr/bin/pg_dumpall' PGDUMP='/usr/bin/pg_dump' PSQL='/usr/bin/psql' # directory to save backups in, must be rwx by postgres user BASE_DIR='/var/backups/postgres' YMD=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d") DIR="$BASE_DIR/$YMD" mkdir -p "$DIR" cd "$DIR" # get list of databases in system , exclude the tempate dbs DBS=( $($PSQL --list --tuples-only | awk '!/template[01]/ && $1 != "|" {print $1}') ) # first dump entire postgres database, including pg_shadow etc. $DUMPALL --column-inserts | gzip -9 > "$DIR/db.out.gz" # next dump globals (roles and tablespaces) only $DUMPALL --globals-only | gzip -9 > "$DIR/globals.gz" # now loop through each individual database and backup the # schema and data separately for database in "${DBS[@]}" ; do SCHEMA="$DIR/$database.schema.gz" DATA="$DIR/$database.data.gz" INSERTS="$DIR/$database.inserts.gz" # export data from postgres databases to plain text: # dump schema $PGDUMP --create --clean --schema-only "$database" | gzip -9 > "$SCHEMA" # dump data $PGDUMP --disable-triggers --data-only "$database" | gzip -9 > "$DATA" # dump data as column inserts for a last resort backup $PGDUMP --disable-triggers --data-only --column-inserts \ "$database" | gzip -9 > "$INSERTS" done # delete backup files older than 30 days echo deleting old backup files: find "$BASE_DIR/" -mindepth 1 -type d -mtime +30 -print0 | xargs -0r rm -rfv
編輯:
pg_dumpall -D
開關(第 27 行)已棄用,現在替換為--column-inserts