Apache-2.2

Apache 2.2 和 OpenSSL 1.0.1 之間 SSL 密碼的差異

  • January 24, 2014

我正在使用和執行最新Ubuntu 12.04 LTS的。Apache 2.2.22-1ubuntu1.4``OpenSSL 1.0.1-4ubuntu5.11

我已將 Apache 配置為使用來自https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Server_Side_TLS#Recommended_Ciphersuite的密碼套件列表

它看起來像這樣：

<VirtualHost *:443>
   ...
   SSLEngine on
   SSLCertificateFile      /path/to/signed_certificate
   SSLCertificateChainFile /path/to/intermediate_certificate
   SSLCertificateKeyFile   /path/to/private/key
   SSLCACertificateFile    /path/to/all_ca_certs
   SSLProtocol             all -SSLv2
   SSLCipherSuite          ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-RC4-SHA:AES128:AES256:RC4-SHA:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!3DES:!MD5:!PSK
   SSLHonorCipherOrder     on
   SSLCompression          off
</VirtualHost>

此命令顯示所有可用的OpenSSL密碼。

# openssl ciphers -v 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-RC4-SHA:AES128:AES256:RC4-SHA:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!3DES:!MD5:!PSK' |column -t

ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH        Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)    Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH        Au=ECDSA  Enc=AESGCM(128)    Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384    TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH        Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)    Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384  TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH        Au=ECDSA  Enc=AESGCM(256)    Mac=AEAD
DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH          Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)    Mac=AEAD
DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH          Au=DSS    Enc=AESGCM(128)    Mac=AEAD
DHE-DSS-AES256-GCM-SHA384      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH          Au=DSS    Enc=AESGCM(256)    Mac=AEAD
DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384      TLSv1.2  Kx=DH          Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)    Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256        TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH        Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA256
ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256      TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH        Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA256
ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA           SSLv3    Kx=ECDH        Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA1
ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA         SSLv3    Kx=ECDH        Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA1
ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384        TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH        Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA384
ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384      TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH        Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA384
ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA           SSLv3    Kx=ECDH        Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA1
ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA         SSLv3    Kx=ECDH        Au=ECDSA  Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA1
DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256          TLSv1.2  Kx=DH          Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA256
DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA             SSLv3    Kx=DH          Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA1
DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256          TLSv1.2  Kx=DH          Au=DSS    Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA256
DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256          TLSv1.2  Kx=DH          Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA256
DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA             SSLv3    Kx=DH          Au=DSS    Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA1
DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA             SSLv3    Kx=DH          Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA1
AES128-GCM-SHA256              TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA         Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(128)    Mac=AEAD
AES256-GCM-SHA384              TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA         Au=RSA    Enc=AESGCM(256)    Mac=AEAD
ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA              SSLv3    Kx=ECDH        Au=RSA    Enc=RC4(128)       Mac=SHA1
ECDHE-ECDSA-RC4-SHA            SSLv3    Kx=ECDH        Au=ECDSA  Enc=RC4(128)       Mac=SHA1
SRP-DSS-AES-128-CBC-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=SRP         Au=DSS    Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA1
SRP-RSA-AES-128-CBC-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=SRP         Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA1
DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA             SSLv3    Kx=DH          Au=DSS    Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA1
ECDH-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256     TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH/ECDSA  Au=ECDH   Enc=AESGCM(128)    Mac=AEAD
ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256   TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH/ECDSA  Au=ECDH   Enc=AESGCM(128)    Mac=AEAD
ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA256         TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH/ECDSA  Au=ECDH   Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA256
ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256       TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH/ECDSA  Au=ECDH   Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA256
ECDH-RSA-AES128-SHA            SSLv3    Kx=ECDH/RSA    Au=ECDH   Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA1
ECDH-ECDSA-AES128-SHA          SSLv3    Kx=ECDH/ECDSA  Au=ECDH   Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA1
AES128-SHA256                  TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA         Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA256
AES128-SHA                     SSLv3    Kx=RSA         Au=RSA    Enc=AES(128)       Mac=SHA1
SRP-DSS-AES-256-CBC-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=SRP         Au=DSS    Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA1
SRP-RSA-AES-256-CBC-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=SRP         Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA1
DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA256          TLSv1.2  Kx=DH          Au=DSS    Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA256
ECDH-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384     TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH/ECDSA  Au=ECDH   Enc=AESGCM(256)    Mac=AEAD
ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384   TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH/ECDSA  Au=ECDH   Enc=AESGCM(256)    Mac=AEAD
ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA384         TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH/ECDSA  Au=ECDH   Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA384
ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384       TLSv1.2  Kx=ECDH/ECDSA  Au=ECDH   Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA384
ECDH-RSA-AES256-SHA            SSLv3    Kx=ECDH/RSA    Au=ECDH   Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA1
ECDH-ECDSA-AES256-SHA          SSLv3    Kx=ECDH/ECDSA  Au=ECDH   Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA1
AES256-SHA256                  TLSv1.2  Kx=RSA         Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA256
AES256-SHA                     SSLv3    Kx=RSA         Au=RSA    Enc=AES(256)       Mac=SHA1
RC4-SHA                        SSLv3    Kx=RSA         Au=RSA    Enc=RC4(128)       Mac=SHA1
DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA256-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=DH          Au=RSA    Enc=Camellia(256)  Mac=SHA1
DHE-DSS-CAMELLIA256-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=DH          Au=DSS    Enc=Camellia(256)  Mac=SHA1
CAMELLIA256-SHA                SSLv3    Kx=RSA         Au=RSA    Enc=Camellia(256)  Mac=SHA1
DHE-RSA-CAMELLIA128-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=DH          Au=RSA    Enc=Camellia(128)  Mac=SHA1
DHE-DSS-CAMELLIA128-SHA        SSLv3    Kx=DH          Au=DSS    Enc=Camellia(128)  Mac=SHA1
CAMELLIA128-SHA                SSLv3    Kx=RSA         Au=RSA    Enc=Camellia(128)  Mac=SHA1

注意所有ECDHE密碼。

但是，如果我使用https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html它表明我的伺服器支持（按優先順序）：

DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (0x9e)   DH 1024 bits (p: 128, g: 1, Ys: 128)   FS
DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (0x9f)   DH 1024 bits (p: 128, g: 1, Ys: 128)   FS
DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 (0x67)   DH 1024 bits (p: 128, g: 1, Ys: 128)   FS
DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0x33)   DH 1024 bits (p: 128, g: 1, Ys: 128)   FS
DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256 (0x6b)   DH 1024 bits (p: 128, g: 1, Ys: 128)   FS
DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0x39)   DH 1024 bits (p: 128, g: 1, Ys: 128)   FS
RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 (0x9c)
RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 (0x9d)
RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 (0x3c)
RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA (0x2f)
RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256 (0x3d)
RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA (0x35)
RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA (0x5)
DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA (0x88)   DH 1024 bits (p: 128, g: 1, Ys: 128)   FS
RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA (0x84)
DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA (0x45)   DH 1024 bits (p: 128, g: 1, Ys: 128)   FS
RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA (0x41)

注意沒有ECDHE密碼。

Apache 為何呈現與 OpenSSL 不同的列表？

根據 2.2 版的 httpd mod_ssl文件，橢圓曲線 Diffie Hellman 交換未被列為有效的密鑰交換密碼套件。您可以使用匿名 (ADHE) 或臨時 (EDHE) RSA。

如 2.4 版文件中所述：

cipher-spec 中的 SSL 密碼規範由 4 個主要屬性和一些額外的次要屬性組成：

密鑰交換算法：RSA、Diffie-Hellman、橢圓曲線 Diffie-Hellman、安全遠端密碼

與 2.2 相比：

cipher-spec 中的 SSL 密碼規範由 4 個主要屬性和一些額外的次要屬性組成：

密鑰交換算法：RSA 或 Diffie-Hellman 變體。

引用自：https://serverfault.com/questions/567294

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